Τρίτη 16 Φεβρουαρίου 2021

Eccrine Hidradenoma of the Nasal Vestibule

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Eccrine Hidradenoma of the Nasal Vestibule: A Rare Clinical Entity.

Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Feb 15;:145561321995018

Authors: Cheon YI, Kim SD, Choi KU, Cho KS

Abstract
Eccrine hidradenoma is a relatively rare benign tumor of sweat gland origin but with possible malignant transformation. It usually consists of solitary, well-demarcated papules or nodules covered with normal skin. Common sites of involvement are the scalp, face, limbs, and anterior trunk. Although the lining of the nasal vestibule includes hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands, an eccrine hidradenoma originating in the nasal vestibule has yet to be reported. Herein, we describe a rare clinical presentation of nasal eccrine hidradenoma, treated successfully using a transnasal endoscopic approach.

PMID: 33587647 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Safe Removal of a Centipede From the Ear By Using an Innovative Practicable Method: A Case Report.

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Safe Removal of a Centipede From the Ear By Using an Innovative Practicable Method: A Case Report.

Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Feb 15;:145561321995010

Authors: Ding MC, Tsai YT, Tsai MS, Hsu CM, Chang GH

Abstract
Arthropods may become lodged inside the ear and cause considerable emotional and physical trauma. Cases of centipedes being lodged in the external auditory canal have rarely been reported. In this article, we present the case of woman who had a centipede lodged inside her right external auditory canal. Removal using a topical local anesthetic can lead to vigorous activity of the centipede, which can cause harm to the patient and clinicians. Therefore, we developed and successfully applied a practicable method that involved using a modified plastic bottle for safe centipede removal. In conclusion, centipedes can express distinct and threatening behavior, and clinicians should pay attention to the activity of the lodged centipede and possibly use the proposed method to safely remove it.

PMID: 33587651 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Trichofolliculoma in the Auricle.

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Trichofolliculoma in the Auricle.

Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Feb 15;:145561321995599

Authors: Lee HY, Kim EK, Choi HS, Jeong J

PMID: 33587670 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Salvage Eustachian Tube Cartilage Chip Insertion After Multiple Transnasal Shim Operations in Intractable Patulous Eustachian Tube.

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Salvage Eustachian Tube Cartilage Chip Insertion After Multiple Transnasal Shim Operations in Intractable Patulous Eustachian Tube.

Ear Nose Throat J. 2021 Feb 15;:145561321995009

Authors: Lee WT, Hsu HJ

Abstract
This article presents 2 cases of extremely intractable patulous Eustachian tube following multiple transnasal shim insertion. These cases highlight the disadvantages of repeat transnasal shim operations, including enlargement of the Eustachian tube lumen, frequent dislocation, repeat surgery, recurrent middle ear infection, and shim misswallowing. The patients in these cases were successfully treated with Eustachian tube cartilage chip insertion through a postauricular approach. We describe the surgical technique and advantages of this promising management method.

PMID: 33587675 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Target localization during respiration motion based on LSTM

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Abstract

Background

In the needle biopsy, the respiratory motion causes the displacement of thoracic‐abdominal soft tissues, which brings great difficulty to accurate localization. Based on internal target motion and external marker motion, existing methods need to establish a correlation model or a prediction model to compensate the respiratory movement, which can hardly achieve required accuracy in clinic use due to the complexity of the internal tissue motion.

Methods

In order to improve tracking accuracy and reduce the number of models, we propose a framework for target localization based on long short‐term memory (LSTM) method. Combined with the correlation model and the prediction model by using LSTM, we adopted the principal component of time series features of external surrogate signals to predict the trajectory of the internal tumor target. Additionally, based on the electromagnetic tracking system (EMT) and Universal Robots 3 (UR3) robotic arm, we applied the proposed approach to a prototype of robotic puncture system for real time tumor tracking.

Results

To verify the proposed method, experiments on both public datasets and customized motion phantom for respiratory simulation were performed. In the public dataset study, an average mean absolute error (MAE), and an average root mean square error (RMSE) of predictive results of 0.44 mm and 0.58 mm were achieved respectively. In the motion phantom study, an average root mean square (RMS) of puncturing error resulted in 0.65mm.

Conclusion

The experimental results demonstrate the proposed method improves the accuracy of target localization during respiratory movement and appeals the potentials applying to clinical application.

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Intubation-Related Laryngeal Pathology Precluding Tracheostomy Decannulation: Incidence and Associated Risk Factors.

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Intubation-Related Laryngeal Pathology Precluding Tracheostomy Decannulation: Incidence and Associated Risk Factors.

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2021 Feb 15;:3489421995285

Authors: Meenan K, Bhatnagar K, Guardiani E

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To identify the incidence and risk factors for intubation-related laryngeal lesions that preclude tracheostomy decannulation in a large population.
METHODS: A 3-year retrospective case-control study was performed of tracheotomized adults in acute rehabilitation facilities who underwent routine endoscopic evaluation of the airway as part of the facilities' decannulation protocol. Patients with known upper airway pathology, external laryngeal trauma, cricothyrotomy or emergent tracheostomy, prior head and neck radiation, isolated tracheal lesions, and patients with incomplete reports were excluded. The laryngeal pathologies were classified, and demographics and clinical features were compared between those whose lesions precluded decannulation and all other patients.
RESULTS: Three hundred seventy-one patients met inclusion criteria. One hundred six (28.6%) had laryngotracheal lesions. Forty-nine patients (13.2%) had intubation-related lesions of the larynx that precluded decannulation. These lesions included posterior glottic stenosis (30.6%), granulation tissue (24.5%), vocal fold immobility (16.3%), subglottic stenosis (16.3%), a combination of granulation tissue and stenosis (10.2%), and glottic edema (2.0%). A BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 was associated with laryngeal lesions precluding decannulation. There was no difference in age, sex, race, diabetes mellitus, endotracheal tube size, number of days intubated, and number of intubations between groups. Seventy-eight percent of patients with lesions precluding decannulation were decannulated after medical or surgical therapy. The decannulation rate of patients without lesions precluding decannulation was 79.9%.
CONCLUSIONS: BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 may increase the risk of development of laryngeal lesions preventing decannulation. Given that 13.2% of tracheotomized patients have laryngeal lesions precluding decannulation, an endoscopic evaluation of the airway is important to prevent decannulation failure and future airway symptoms.

PMID: 33583187 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Office-Based Intralesional Steroid Injection for Treatment of Laryngeal Sarcoidosis.

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Office-Based Intralesional Steroid Injection for Treatment of Laryngeal Sarcoidosis.

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2021 Feb 15;:3489421995287

Authors: Farlow JL, Park JV, Morrison RJ, Kupfer RA

Abstract
OBJECTIVES: To report preliminary outcomes of a case series of in-office intralesional steroid injections for treatment of laryngeal sarcoidosis.
METHODS: After diagnosis of laryngeal sarcoidosis, 3 patients were offered in-office steroid injections for primary or adjunctive treatment. Triamcinolone 40 was injected into supraglottic sarcoidosis lesions in the office using a channel laryngoscope. Response to treatment and need for further injections was determined based on patient symptoms and repeat flexible laryngoscopy.
RESULTS: In-office intralesional steroid injections provided rapid symptom relief within days that lasted for months, thus decreasing the frequency of operative interventions. For one of the patients in this series, these injections even eliminated the need for tracheostomy. No complications were observed.
CONCLUSIONS: In-office intralesional steroid injection is an emerging adjunctive treatment for laryngeal sarcoidosis. Prospective studies are required to determine efficacy and long-term risk profiles in relation to the current standard of operative management and systemic treatments.

PMID: 33583192 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Expression of long-chain noncoding RNA GAS5 in osteoarthritis and its effect on apoptosis and autophagy of osteoarthritis chondrocytes.

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Expression of long-chain noncoding RNA GAS5 in osteoarthritis and its effect on apoptosis and autophagy of osteoarthritis chondrocytes.

Histol Histopathol. 2021 Feb 15;:18312

Authors: Ji Q, Qiao X, Liu Y, Wang D

Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of long-chain noncoding RNA GAS5 in osteoarthritis(OA) and the effect of silencing GAS5 on autophagy of osteoarthritis chondrocytes(OACs).
METHOD: OA rat models were constructed by cutting the anterior cruciate ligament, and the expressions of GAS5 in rat cartilage tissues at 4 weeks (early OA) and 12 weeks (late OA) after modeling were detected. The rat chondrocytes were isolated, cultured and transfected with si-GAS5 to silencing GAS5. Then, the changes of apoptosis and autophagy levels of OA chondrocytes were detected by transfection of GFP-LC3 and flow cytometry. Bioinformatic tools were used to analyze the miRNA binding to GAS5 and the downstream target genes, then luciferase reporter assay and GDC-0349 (inhibitor of mTOR) were used to verify their relationships.
RESULTS: The expression of GAS5 in cartilage tissue of OA rats was higher than control, which was higher in late OA than that in early OA. After silencing the GAS5, the autophagy ability of OACs was increased and the apoptosis rate was decreased. GAS5 was able to bind to miR-144 and regulate the expressin of mTOR. mTOR inhibitor GDC-0349 could reverse the inhibition of GAS5 on autophagy but could not reverse its effect on apoptosis.
CONCLUSION: GAS5 expresses highly in OA cartilage tissues and increases with the progression of OA. GAS5 inhibits autophagy and promotes the apoptosis of OACs, and the inhibition of autophagy may be related to its regulation of mTOR.

PMID: 33586778 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

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Is topical fluorescein that effective in endoscopic CSF leak closure?

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Is topical fluorescein that effective in endoscopic CSF leak closure?

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2020 Apr;277(4):1073-1077

Authors: Eren E, Güvenç G, İşlek A, Arslanoğlu S, Önal K, Yüceer N

Abstract
PURPOSE: Several diagnostic modalities are used to detect CSF leaks. Intraoperative use of intrathecal fluorescein can help to detect and localize a CSF leak simultaneously. However, it is not FDA approved, the application is invasive and has serious complications. Topical fluorescein is reported to be a safe and sensitive alternative to ITF. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of topical fluorescein in CSF leak closure.
METHODS: This retrospective study includes 27 consecutive patients (19 women, 8 men) who underwent endoscopic endonasal CSF leak closure using topical fluorescein, between 2011 and 2017.
RESULTS: In two patients, radiologic studies false positively locate the defect. β2 transferrin and topical fluorescein tests were positive in these patients. Both cases needed a second operation.
CONCLUSION: If radiologic studies fail to locate the defect properly, topical fluorescein only confirms the CSF leak, but the defect cannot be located anatomically intraoperatively.

PMID: 31845038 [PubMed - in process]

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Are Spanish‐Speaking Families Less Satisfied with Care in Pediatric Otolaryngology?

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ABSTRACT

Objectives/Hypothesis

Language barriers may impact family experience, which is a key measure of healthcare quality. We compared family satisfaction between Spanish‐speaking families (SSF) and English‐speaking families (ESF) in pediatric otolaryngology.

Study Design

Retrospective cohort study.

Methods

Responses from the Family Experience Survey (FES), a hospital quality benchmarking survey, were analyzed from 2017 to 2019 at one academic pediatric otolaryngology practice. Question responses were compared between SSF versus ESF using mixed effect logistic regression models, adjusting for patient age, medical complexity, and insurance.

Results

A total of 4,964 FES survey responses were included (14% SSF). In multivariate analysis adjusting for age, medical complexity, and insurance, SSF were 1.7 times more likely than ESF to rate their provider with the highest rating (i.e. 9–10/10; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.24–2.22). However, SSF were less likely than ESF to provide the highest rating on many individual aspects of care, including whether providers explained things intelligibly (odds ratio [OR] 0.43, 95% CI 0.25–0.74), listened carefully (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.28–0.47), knew their medical child's history (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.44–0.64), provided understandable information (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.16–0.83), spent sufficient time with them (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.31–0.48), allowed them to discuss their questions (OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.47–0.70), or had enough input in their children's' care (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.26–0.80).

Conclusions

In a large cohort of pediatric otolaryngology patients, SSF rated many individual aspects of their child's care less positively compared to ESF, despite rating their provider highly. Further research is needed to explore the reasons for these differences and how they can be improved.

Level of Evidence

4 Laryngoscope, 2021

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Pediatric Tongue Base Suspension With Fluoroscopic Guidance

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