Furcation involvement and tooth loss ‐ A registry‐based retrospective cohort study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Furcation involvement and tooth loss ‐ A registry‐based retrospective cohort study via Journal of Clinical Periodontology Abstract Aim This registry-based retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the impact of furcation status on the risk for molar loss. Material and methods Subjects with and without furcation involvement (FI) in 2010/2011 were identified in a nationwide registry in Sweden (age- and gender-matched sample: 381,450 subjects, 2,374,883 molars). Data on dental and periodontal status were extracted for the subsequent 10-year period. Impact of FI (at baseline or detected during follow-up) on molar loss (i.e. tooth extraction) was evaluated through multilevel logistic regression and survival analyses. Results FI had a significant impact on molar loss. FI degree 2 and 3 resulted in adjusted risk ratios of 1.67 (95%CI 1.63-1.71) and 3.30 (95%CI 3.18-3.43), respectively. Following first detection of deep FI (degree 2-3), estimated survival decreased by 4% at 5 years and 8% at 10 years. In addition to FI, endodontic status and probing depth were relevant risk factors for molar loss. Conclusions Furcation status had a clinically relevant impact on the risk for molar loss. Following first detection of deep FI, however, the decline in molar survival was minor. View on Web

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Association between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease by functional atherosclerosis status among older Japanese individuals: a cross‐sectional study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Association between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease by functional atherosclerosis status among older Japanese individuals: a cross‐sectional study via Journal of Clinical Periodontology Abstract Aims This study aimed to clarify the influence of functional atherosclerosis on the association between periodontitis and chronic kidney disease (CKD). Methods A cross-sectional study of 998 older Japanese individuals aged 60–99 years who participated in an oral health check-up was conducted. Early and advanced periodontitis were defined as periodontal pocket depth 4.0–5.9 mm and ≥6.0 mm, respectively. Functional atherosclerosis was defined as cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) ≥9.0. Results Of the 998 study participants, 238 (23.8%) had CKD. No significant associations between periodontitis and CKD were observed in participants without functional atherosclerosis. After adjusting for known cardiovascular risk factors, the odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 1.31 (0.81, 2.11) for early periodontitis and 0.74 (0.41, 1.34) for advanced periodontitis. Significant positive associations were observed for participants with functional atherosclerosis; the adjusted ORs (95%CIs) were 1.76 (1.04, 3.01) for early periodontitis and 1.95 (1.05, 3.63) for advanced periodontitis, respectively. Conclusions A significant positive association between periodontitis and CKD was established for older participants with functional atherosclerosis. No significant associations were observed for those without functional atherosclerosis. These results can help clarify the influence of periodontitis on systemic circulation. View on Web

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Subjective and objective evaluation of masticatory function in patients with bimaxillary implant‐supported prostheses

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Subjective and objective evaluation of masticatory function in patients with bimaxillary implant‐supported prostheses via Journal of Oral Rehabilitation Abstract Background People perform poorly in masticatory function tests despite well-functioning prostheses. However, it is unclear whether there is an agreement between subjective and objective measures of mastication. Objectives To investigate the association between subjective and objective measures of masticatory function in patients with bimaxillary implant-supported prostheses. Materials and methods An experimental group (n=25, age=70.6 ±7.5 years, 8 women) with bimaxillary implant-supported fixed prostheses and a control group (n=25, age=69.0 ±5.3, 13 women) with natural dentition were recruited. The participants in the experimental group were included if they had been using the prosthesis for at least a year and had no obvious complaints with their prostheses. The control group was people with natural dentition and without any prostheses or complaints related to the masticatory system. The masticatory function was evaluated objectively with food comminution and mixing ability tests, and subjectively with jaw function limitation scale (JLFS) and oral health impact profile (OHIP). Results The experimental group performed poorly in both objective tests (P<.001). However, there was no significant differences between the two groups in total JFLS (P=0.114) and OHIP (P=0.312) scores. Though, there were certain positive correlations between the food comminution test and JFLS subdomains in the control group, and a positive correlation between food comminution test and specific subdomains of OHIP in the experimental group indicating poor correlation between the subjective and objective measures. Conclusion Although patients with implant prostheses show poor masticatory performance, there is no agreement in the objective and subjective measures of mastication. View on Web

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Implant deformation and implant–abutment fracture resistance after standardized artificial aging: An in vitro study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Implant deformation and implant–abutment fracture resistance after standardized artificial aging: An in vitro study via Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research Abstract Background and purpose Zirconia abutments have been widely adopted in clinical implant practice. The unique mechanical properties of zirconia may significantly affect the long-term prognosis of implant treatments. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of abutment material on implant deformation and fracture resistance of internal conical connection implant–abutment complexes of two diameters after standardized artificial aging. Materials and methods Thirty original abutments (one-piece titanium, one-piece zirconia, zirconia with alloy base) with two diameters (regular, narrow) were connected to internal conical connection implants and subjected to a standardized artificial aging process consisting of thermal cycling and mechanical cyclic loading. Microcomputed tomography (μCT) scans of implant bodies were performed before and after aging. 3-dimensional images of implant bodies were generated from the μCT scans and aligned for before and after aging to calculate the volumetric deformation amount. Finally, fracture resistance was measured using a mechanical static loading test for the surviving aged and 30 brand-new specimens. Results All specimens survived artificial aging. No significant difference in implant deformation was found in the regular groups (p = 0.095). In narrow groups, the one-piece zirconia group showed significantly less deformation (p < 0.0001). For fracture resistance, no significant decrease was observed after aging in any group (p > 0.05). One-piece zirconia abutments showed significantly lower strength than the other two materials for both diameters (p < 0.0001). Conclusions In the regular diameter system, abutment material had no significant influence on the tested mechanical property degradation after simulated long-term oral use. The mechanical performance of narrow diameter one-piece zirconia abutments differed from the other two materials. For optimal performance, one-piece zirconia abutments should be adopted only in anterior regions. View on Web

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Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and peripheral blood biomarkers correlate with survival outcomes but not response among head and neck and salivary cancer treated with pembrolizumab and vorinostat

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and peripheral blood biomarkers correlate with survival outcomes but not response among head and neck and salivary cancer treated with pembrolizumab and vorinostat via Head & Neck Abstract Background Associations between peripheral blood biomarkers and oncologic outcomes were explored in recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HN) and salivary gland cancer (SGC) treated with pembrolizumab and vorinostat on a phase II trial (NCT02538510). Experimental Design Twenty-five HN and 25 SGCs were treated with pembrolizumab and vorinostat. Baseline peripheral blood was available in 21 HN and 20 SGCs and evaluated for associations with grade ≥3 adverse events (G ≥ 3AE) by CTCAEv4, objective response rate (ORR), overall survival (OS), and progression-free survival (PFS). Results Higher pretreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and neutrophils, as well as lower pretreatment lymphocytes and T helper cells correlated with worse OS and PFS. Higher NLR further predicted increased rates of G ≥ 3AEs. No correlations with ORR were observed. Conclusions In a prospectively evaluated cohort of HN and SGCs treated with pembrolizumab and vorinostat, we observed novel associations between peripheral blood biomarkers and oncologic outcomes and toxicities. View on Web

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Effects of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus HD100 on experimental periodontitis in rats

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Effects of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus HD100 on experimental periodontitis in rats via Molecular Oral Microbiology Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus HD100 on experimental periodontitis (EP) in rats. Methods Thirty-two rats were divided into four groups: control, C-HD100 (B. bacteriovorus), EP, and EP-HD100. On day 0, EP was induced by placement of cotton ligatures around the mandibular first molars (MFMs) in the EP and EP-HD100 groups. In the C-HD100 and EP-HD100 groups, suspensions containing 1 × 109 PUF/mL of B. bacteriovorus HD100 were topically administered to the subgingival region of MFMs on days 0, 3, and 7. Animals were euthanized on day 14. Morphometrics analysis were performed in hemimandibles. The levels of Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin (IL)-6, Monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, IL-10, IL-1β, Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and Regulated on activation and normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) were determined by enzymatic immunoassays in gingival tissues. Beta Defensin (BD)-1, BD-2 and BD-3, Toll Like Receptors (TLR)-2 and TLR-4, and Cluster Differentiation ( CD)-4, CD-8 and CD-57 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in hemimandibles. Data were statistically analyzed. Results The EP group showed greater alveolar bone loss than EP-HD100 (p < 0.05). The EP-HD100 group showed higher levels of MCP-1, RANTES, IL-10, and TGF-β, lower levels of TNF-α than the EP group (p < 0.05). No differences were observed in IL-1β, IL-6, and M-CSF levels between EP and EP-HD100 groups. The C-HD100 group had higher IL-6, TNF-α, RANTES and MCP-1 levels than the control group (p < 0.05). Regarding BD, the EP-HD100 group showed a larger immunolabeling pattern for BD-1, BD-2, and BD-3 than the EP group (p < 0.05). No significant differences in the immunolabeling pattern were observed for TLR-2, TLR-4, CD4, CD8, and CD57 between EP and EP-HD100 groups. Conclusion The topical use of B. bacteriovorus HD100 reduces alveolar bone loss, increases expression of beta defensin, and modulates the cytokines levels on periodontal tissues in rats with EP. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved View on Web

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Auricular Reconstruction for Relapsing Polychondritis

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Auricular Reconstruction for Relapsing Polychondritis via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Online First This case report describes woman in her early 20s presented to the hospital with an acquired auricular deformity after an ear piercing and was diagnosed with recurrent polychondritis that required total auricular reconstruction. View on Web

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Use of the Toxicity Index in Evaluating Adverse Events in Anal Cancer Trials: Analysis of RTOG 9811 and RTOG 0529

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Use of the Toxicity Index in Evaluating Adverse Events in Anal Cancer Trials: Analysis of RTOG 9811 and RTOG 0529 via American Journal of Clinical Oncology - Current Issue Novel toxicity metrics that account for all adverse event (AE) grades and the frequency of may enhance toxicity reporting in clinical trials. The Toxicity Index (TI) accounts for all AE grades and frequencies for categories of interest. We evaluate the feasibility of using the TI methodology in 2 prospective anal cancer trials and to evaluate whether more conformal radiation (using Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy) results in improved toxicity as measured by the TI. Patients enrolled on NRG/RTOG 0529 or nonconformal RT enrolled on the 5-Fluorouracil/Mitomycin arm of NRG/RTOG 9811 were compared using the TI. Patients treated on NRG/RTOG 0529 had lower median TI compared with patients treated with nonconformal RT on NRG/RTOG 9811 for combined GI/GU/Heme/Derm events (3.935 vs 3.996, P=0.014). The TI methodology is a feasible method to assess all AEs of interest and may be useful as a composite metric for future efforts aimed at treatment de-escalation or escalation View on Web

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Predicting Factors for a Favorable Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy in Esophageal Cancer

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Predicting Factors for a Favorable Pathologic Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy in Esophageal Cancer via American Journal of Clinical Oncology - Current Issue Background: Favorable pathologic response(FPR) is a significant predictor for improved survival following Neoadjuvant therapy(NAT) in esophageal and gastroesophageal cancer(GEJ). Preoperative prediction of FPR could modify treatment plans. No reliable method for predicting FPR exists. We sought to identify preoperative predicting factors for FPR. Materials and Methods: Retrospective analysis of patients with esophageal and GEJ cancer who underwent esophagectomy following (NAT). Univariate and multivariate analysis was used to identify preoperative predicting factors for FPR. A comparison of Tumor Regression Grade(TRG) was used to assess treatment response on overall survival(OS). Results: Out of 121 patients, 82(67.8%) had neoadjuvant chemoradiation. FPR was observed in 60(49.6%). Female sex, Radiation therapy(RT), squamous cell carcinoma(SCC), lack of signet ring feature, and FDG avidity posttreatment were associated with FPR on univariate analysis. RT and SCC were associated with FPR (OR=3.9 and 4.0, respectively) on multivariate analysis. OS was lower among patients who did not achieve FPR to NAT(P=0.027). Conclusions: FPR is a predictor of improved OS. SCC and radiation therapy-based protocol were identified as major prediction factors of FPR in patients with esophageal and GEJ cancers. View on Web

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Preoperative Computed Tomography Radiomics Analysis for Predicting Receptors Status and Ki-67 Levels in Breast Cancer

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Preoperative Computed Tomography Radiomics Analysis for Predicting Receptors Status and Ki-67 Levels in Breast Cancer via American Journal of Clinical Oncology - Current Issue Background: To assess the prediction performance of preoperative chest computed tomography (CT) based radiomics features for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2+), and Ki-67 status of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: This study enrolled 108 breast cancer patients who received preoperative chest CT examinations in our institution from July 2018 to January 2020. Radiomics features were separately extracted from nonenhanced, arterial, and portal-venous phases CT images. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator logistic regression was used for feature selection. Then the radiomics signatures for each phase and a combined model of 3 phases were built. Finally, the receiver operating characteristic curves and calibration curves were used to confirm the performance of the radiomics signatures and combined model. In addition, the decision curves were performed to estimate the clinical usefulness of the combined model. Results: The 20 most predictive features were finally selected to build radiomics signatures for each phase. The combined model achieved the overall best performance than using either of the nonenhanced, arterial and portal-venous phases alone, achieving an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.870 for ER+ versus ER−, 0.797 for PR+ versus PR−, 0.881 for HER2+ versus HER2−, and 0.726 for Ki-67. The decision curve demonstrated that the CT-based radiomics features were clinically useful. Conclusion: This study indicated preopreative chest CT radiomics analysis might be able to assess ER, PR, HER2+, and Ki-67 status of breast cancer. The findings need further to be verified in future larger studies. View on Web

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