Τρίτη 22 Ιουνίου 2021

External auditory exostoses in wind-dependent water sports participants: German wind- and kitesurfers

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Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jun 19. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06939-7. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Cold water and wind are known to cause exostoses of the external auditory canal. Different prevalences in different sports have been described in the literature. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of external auditory exostosis (EAE) and EAE severity in coastal German wind- and kitesurfers who are exposed to cold water and strong winds. Furthermore, influencing factors such as the total exposure time and frequency of activity as well as the correlations between symptoms and the severity of EAE were investigated.

METHODS: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, German non-professional wind- and kitesurfers along the North and Baltic Sea coasts were recruited between September 2020 and November 2020. Each participant was interviewed about exposure time and otological symptoms and underwent bila teral video otoscopic examination to determine EAE severity.

RESULTS: A total of 241 ears from 130 subjects were analysed. The prevalence of EAE was 75.1%. In 19.9% of the participants, severe EAE was found. Exposure time and the frequency of activity had significant effects on the severity of EAE. Compared to surfers, EAE growth seems to progress faster in wind- and kitesurfers. The number of symptoms requiring medical treatment increased when two-thirds of the external auditory canal was obstructed.

CONCLUSION: The prevalence of EAE in wind- and kitesurfers is high. Total exposure time and the frequency of activity influence EAE growth. EAE growth occurs faster in wind- and kitesurfers than in surfers. The additional influence of wind and the evaporative cooling of the EAC are thought to be responsible. The results of this study should increase awareness of the dynamics of EAE among ENT specialists and improve patient counselling.

PMID:34146149 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06939-7

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Role of indocyanine green combined with radiotracer-Technetium 99 m in neck surgery for primary and recurrent head and neck cancer: preliminary results of a tertiary cancer center

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Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jun 19. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06931-1. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Neck dissection (ND), whether therapeutic or elective, is an essential component of the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Due to altered anatomy and fibrosis caused by initial treatments, surgeons face challenges during salvage ND. A combination of Technetium-99 m and indocyanine green (ICG) previously used in the sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy for oral cavity cancers, may be useful in different types of neck surgeries. We aimed to show the additional advantage of this combination in detecting HNSCC and thyroid cancer recurrences, as well as individual lymphatic drainage in elective ND.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients, underwent neck surgery guided with ICG and Tc-99 m, in Hacettepe University Hospital between June 2018 and December 2020. In a total of 28 pa tients, intraoperative gamma probes were paired with near infrared (NIR) cameras. Patients are divided into two groups: neck surgery with recurrent occult lesion localization (NS- ROLL) (n: 14) and ND with SLN screening (ND-SLNS) (n: 14).

RESULTS: Among all 14 patients in NS-ROLL group, recurrent diseases, hidden behind tissues were 100% successfully localized. In ND-SLNS group, 238 lymph nodes were harvested, metastasis rate was 31.3% (10/32) in sentinel nodes. SLNS revealed 100% accuracy in detecting metastasis in clinically N0 neck (10/238). Contralateral lymphatic drainage was observed in three patients (lateral-sided oral cavity SCC). In two patients (floor of mouth), three sentinel nodes were detected by NIR only.

CONCLUSION: The use of ICG-radiotracer provides additional value in disease removal for both primary and recurrent tumors of the head and neck.

PMID:34146148 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06931-1

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Role of indocyanine green combined with radiotracer-Technetium 99 m in neck surgery for primary and recurrent head and neck cancer: preliminary results of a tertiary cancer center

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Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jun 19. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06931-1. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Neck dissection (ND), whether therapeutic or elective, is an essential component of the treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Due to altered anatomy and fibrosis caused by initial treatments, surgeons face challenges during salvage ND. A combination of Technetium-99 m and indocyanine green (ICG) previously used in the sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy for oral cavity cancers, may be useful in different types of neck surgeries. We aimed to show the additional advantage of this combination in detecting HNSCC and thyroid cancer recurrences, as well as individual lymphatic drainage in elective ND.

METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed medical records of patients, underwent neck surgery guided with ICG and Tc-99 m, in Hacettepe University Hospital between June 2018 and December 2020. In a total of 28 pa tients, intraoperative gamma probes were paired with near infrared (NIR) cameras. Patients are divided into two groups: neck surgery with recurrent occult lesion localization (NS- ROLL) (n: 14) and ND with SLN screening (ND-SLNS) (n: 14).

RESULTS: Among all 14 patients in NS-ROLL group, recurrent diseases, hidden behind tissues were 100% successfully localized. In ND-SLNS group, 238 lymph nodes were harvested, metastasis rate was 31.3% (10/32) in sentinel nodes. SLNS revealed 100% accuracy in detecting metastasis in clinically N0 neck (10/238). Contralateral lymphatic drainage was observed in three patients (lateral-sided oral cavity SCC). In two patients (floor of mouth), three sentinel nodes were detected by NIR only.

CONCLUSION: The use of ICG-radiotracer provides additional value in disease removal for both primary and recurrent tumors of the head and neck.

PMID:34146148 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06931-1

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The global burden of nasopharyngeal carcinoma from 2009 to 2019: an observational study based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jun 19. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06922-2. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The incidence and mortality rate of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has changed in recent years. Our goal is to determine the epidemiological pattern of NPC to help policymakers allocate limited medical resources.

METHODS: Detailed information about NPC from 2009 to 2019 was collected from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 database. Age-standardized rates (ASRs) and corresponding estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were calculated to assess NPC's incidence and mortality trends.

RESULTS: Globally, there was a consistent increase in the NPC incidence cases from 2009 to 2019 (from 121.65 × 103 cases in 2009 to 176.50 × 103 cases in 2019, increasing by 45.09%). The age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of NPC increased from 1.81 in 2009 to 2.12 in 2019 (EAPC = 1.59, 95% CI 1.36-1.81). On the contrary, the mortality of NPC showed a downward trend (ASDR: 0.93 in 2009 and 0.86 in 2019; EAPC = - 0.63, 95% CI - 0.78 to - 0.48), and it was negatively correlated with the social demographic index (SDI) in most regions. Both incidence and mortality rates of high-incidence territories tended to be stable or decline. Males had significantly higher incidence and mortality of NPC than females. The number of patients with onset age greater than 50 years old accounted for the highest proportion. We found that smoking, occupational exposure to formaldehyde, and alcohol use were the main risk factors for NPC-related mortality.

CONCLUSION: Globally, the incidence rate of NPC has been slightly increasing, while the mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) have been decreasing. NPC burden in high-middle and middle SDI areas was the heaviest. The current prevention strategy should be repositioned, and some countries should formulate more targeted approaches to redu ce the current burden of NPC.

PMID:34146150 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06922-2

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A European survey on the practice of nutritional interventions in head-neck cancer patients undergoing curative treatment with radio(chemo)therapy

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Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2021 Jun 19. doi: 10.1007/s00405-021-06920-4. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: As the practice of nutritional support in patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) during curative radio(chemo)therapy is quite heterogeneous, we carried out a survey among European specialists.

METHODS: A 19-item questionnaire was drawn up and disseminated via the web by European scientific societies involved in HNC and nutrition.

RESULTS: Among 220 responses, the first choice was always for the enteral route; naso-enteral tube feeding was preferred to gastrostomy in the short term, while the opposite for period longer than 1 month. Indications were not solely related to the patient's nutritional status, but also to the potential burden of the therapy.

CONCLUSION: European HNC specialists contextualize the use of the nutritional support in a comprehensive plan of therapy. There is still uncertainty relati ng to the role of naso-enteral feeding versus gastrostomy feeding in patients requiring < 1 month nutritional support, an issue that should be further investigated.

PMID:34146151 | DOI:10.1007/s00405-021-06920-4

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Study on optimization and evaluation system of traditional Chinese medicine rehabilitation program for swallowing disorder after stroke

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Medicine (Baltimore). 2021 May 14;100(19):e25731. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000025731.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Acupuncture has a long history in China and is currently widely used in clinical practice. However, there is no large sample data confirming the effectiveness of acupuncture in treating stroke and its sequelae. This article presents a study protocol for a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial for evaluating the efficacy of acupuncture in treating post-stroke dysphagia.

METHODS/DESIGN: A randomized controlled trial will be conducted in three hospitals in Heilongjiang, Changchun, and Beijing. A total of 252 patients with post-stroke swallowing ability will be randomly divided into two groups; specifically, the experimental group, which will receive acupuncture treatment, and the control group, which will undergo rehabilitation training for 2 weeks. The main results will be evaluated using the standard swallowing function scale, vid eofluoroscopic swallowing examination, and functional magnetic resonance imaging. The secondary observation indexes will include surface electromyography signal analysis and the modified Barthel index. Measurements will be obtained before treatment, as well as 1 week, 2 weeks, and 1 month after treatment.

DISCUSSION: This trial could clarify the effectiveness of acupuncture in stroke; moreover, it will determine whether acupuncture can improve swallowing function.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR), ChiCTR2000030994.

PMID:34106599 | PMC:PMC8133205 | DOI:10.1097/MD.0000000000025731

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Utility of intraoperative digital scintigraphy in radioguided parathyroidectomy

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Abstract

Background

Intraoperative scintigraphy (IoS) has been proposed as a tool for real-time intraoperative decision-making regarding parathyroid adenoma localization and confirmation of excision.

Methods

Retrospective review of patients who underwent minimally invasive parathyroidectomies with scintigraphy performed intraoperatively. Preoperative neck ultrasound, 4D computed tomography, as well as intraoperative parathyroid hormone (IOPTH) and gamma probe measurements were conducted per standard practice. IoS images were obtained prior to and following parathyroid excision. Cases were reviewed to determine accuracy of IoS for localizing parathyroid pathology and confirming successful excision.

Results

Fifty-six cases met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-nine patients (51.8%) showed confirmation of excision of an abnormal gland on post-excision IoS. There were no significant differences in IOPTH reduction and postoperative laboratory values between patients with IoS-identified resolution and those without IoS-identified resolution.

Conclusions

With low accuracy in correctly localizing abnormal glands and confirming their excision, there is no appreciable benefit of IoS at this time.

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Cochlear Schwannoma: A Usual Pathology in an Unusual Site

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Abstract

Intra-labyrinthine schwannomas are rare. We present a case of a 50-year-old male with non-serviceable unilateral sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus. CE-MRI revealed an enhancing signal in the basal turn of left cochlea suggestive of a schwannoma. A trans-mastoid standard facial recess approach was used for tumor excision. At one year follow up, patient is disease free.

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Isolated limb perfusion with melphalan as treatment for regionally advanced melanoma of the limbs: results of 60 patients treated in Finland during 2007–2018

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Isolated limb perfusion (ILP) is widely accepted as treatment for recurrent melanoma limited to the limbs. The use of ILP has decreased in recent years with the introduction of potentially effective new systemic therapies. We evaluated retrospectively if ILP still may be a treatment option in locally advanced melanoma. In Finland, ILP is centralized to the Comprehensive Cancer Center of Helsinki University Hospital. We included all ILP patients treated at our hospital between 2007 and 2018. Clinical factors and treatment outcomes were retrospectively evaluated. Altogether 60 patients received ILP. Toxicity was mostly transient. The overall response rate was 77% with 35% complete responses and 42% partial responses. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 6.1 months (range 0.6–116.5 months) and the median melanoma-specific survival (MSS) was 29.9 months (range 3.5–138.7 months). Patients with CR had superior median PFS (19.7 months, range 2.5–116.5 vs. 4.5 months, range 0.6–39.7 months, P = 0.00003) and median MSS (median MSS not reached vs. 25.9 months, range 3.5–98.7 months, P = 0.0005) compared to other responders. Younger patients (
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Seborrheic keratosis-like melanoma: a diagnostic challenge

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This article summarizes the main epidemiologic and diagnostic features of seborrheic keratosis-like (SK-like) melanoma. We performed a review of the current literature. The real and current incidence and prevalence of SK-like melanoma are unknown. Many lesions are misdiagnosed and not excised with histo pathologic confirmation, or excised without an appropriate surgical approach due to a benign clinical and dermoscopic appearance. SK-like melanoma presents both melanoma and SK features. SK-like melanoma and SK are often clinically indistinguishable even for experienced dermatologists. Clinically, it develops as a black-dark brown or light slightly elevated, papule, nodule or plaque with rapid growth and a regular or irregular shape. SK-like melanoma presents melanocytic and nonmelanocytic dermoscopic features. Irregular dark-brown dots/globules, a blue-grayish veil, streaks, irregular pigmentation or network and brown lines point to a melanoma diagnosis. Among the nonmelanocytic features, milia-like cysts and comedo-like openings have been highlighted. The association of polarized and nonpolarized dermoscopic techniques is more accurate for studying the dermoscopic features of SK-like melanoma. If the dermoscopic features are unclear, further investigations with reflectance confoca l microscopy (RCM) or biopsy with histologic examination are essential. SK-like melanoma is a dermatologic challenge. Careful clinical and dermoscopic evaluation favor a correct diagnosis. In unclear cases, it is important to perform a biopsy with histologic examination to confirm the correct diagnosis. Received 29 March 2021 Accepted 18 May 2021 Correspondence to Agata Janowska, MD, Department of Dermatology, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56127, Pisa, Italia, Tel: +39 050 992436; fax: +39 050 992556; e-mail: dottoressajanowska@gmail.com Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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Successful encorafenib desensitization in a patient with recurrent metastatic melanoma

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Type I hypersensitivity reactions (HSR) to dabrafenib are rare but have been previously described. We present a case where a 72-year-old woman with recurrent, metastatic BRAF-mutated melanoma developed a type I HSR to dabrafenib. We, therefore, developed a desensitization protocol with encorafenib, a similar class agent, to allow the patient to continue with treatment. Patients with a history of HSR to dabrafenib may be considered for encorafenib desensitization when other therapeutic options are limited. Received 21 February 2021 Accepted 18 May 2021 Correspondence to Gerald W. Volcheck, MD, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA, Tel: +1 507 284 3165; fax: +1 507 284 0902; e-mail: volcheck.gerald@mayo.edu Copyright © 2021 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
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