Fatty-Acid Catabolism Promotes T-cell Revitalization in Melanoma [Immunology]

A hypoxic and hypoglycemic tumor microenvironment induces the metabolic reprogramming of CD8⁺ TILs.

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Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin Makes a Comeback [News in Brief]

After being pulled from the market 7 years ago, gemtuzumab ozogamicin has been reapproved by the FDA, this time for adults newly diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia, as well as patients 2 years of age and older with relapsed/refractory disease. The CD33-targeting antibody–drug conjugate can be given as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy.

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Targeting Angiogenesis in Bladder Cancer [News in Brief]

Findings from the phase III RANGE study indicate that adding ramucirumab to docetaxel may improve progression-free survival for patients with advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma whose disease is refractory to platinum chemotherapy.

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Tissue Force Programs Cell Fate and Tumor Aggression [Review]

Biomechanical and biochemical cues within a tissue collaborate across length scales to direct cell fate during development and are critical for the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Loss of tensional homeostasis in a tissue not only accompanies malignancy but may also contribute to oncogenic transformation. High mechanical stress in solid tumors can impede drug delivery and may additionally drive tumor progression and promote metastasis. Mechanistically, biomechanical forces can drive tumor aggression by inducing a mesenchymal-like switch in transformed cells so that they attain tumor-initiating or stem-like cell properties. Given that cancer stem cells have been linked to metastasis and treatment resistance, this raises the intriguing possibility that the elevated tissue mechanics in tumors could promote their aggression by programming their phenotype toward that exhibited by a stem-like cell.

Significance: Recent findings argue that mechanical stress and elevated mechanosignaling foster malignant transformation and metastasis. Prolonged corruption of tissue tension may drive tumor aggression by altering cell fate specification. Thus, strategies that could reduce tumor mechanics might comprise effective approaches to prevent the emergence of treatment-resilient metastatic cancers. Cancer Discov; 7(11); 1224–37. ©2017 AACR.

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Nivolumab Approved for Liver Cancer [News in Brief]

The FDA granted accelerated approval to nivolumab for second-line treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, making it just the third drug on the market for the disease. The PD-1 inhibitor is approved for patients who cannot tolerate sorafenib and those whose disease progressed despite treatment with the multikinase inhibitor.

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Talimogene Laherparepvec Enhances the Efficacy of PD-1 Blockade [Melanoma]

Talimogene laherparepvec plus pembrolizumab achieved response in 62% of patients with melanoma.

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Durvalumab Promising for NSCLC [News in Brief]

The PD-L1 inhibitor durvalumab increases progression-free survival and objective response rate in patients with inoperable and locally advanced stage III non–small cell lung cancer, according to interim results of a phase III trial. The benefit was great enough that the drug could become the standard of care in the United States for these patients.

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