Sugemalimab: First Approval

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Sugemalimab: First Approval Via Latest Results for Drugs Abstract Sugemalimab (Cejemly® in China) is a fully human, full length, anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4) monoclonal antibody (mAb) that is being developed by CStone Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of advanced solid tumours and lymphoma. In December 2021, sugemalimab was approved in China for the first-line treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene mutation and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) negative metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) administered in combination with pemetrexed and carboplatin for non-squamous NSCLC and in combination with paclitaxel and carboplatin for squamous NSCLC. Sugemalimab is under regulatory review as consolidation treatment in patients with stage III NSCLC in China. Clinical studies assessing sugemalimab for the treatment of several other cancers, including liver cancer, gastric cancer, oesophageal cancer, Hodgkin lymphoma and extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma are u nderway in China, the US and Australia. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of sugemalimab leading to this first approval for the first-line treatment of EGFR gene mutation and ALK-negative metastatic NSCLC. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Deep Learning Forecasts the Occurrence of Sleep Apnea from Single-Lead ECG

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Deep Learning Forecasts the Occurrence of Sleep Apnea from Single-Lead ECG Via Latest Results for Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology Abstract Objectives Sleep apnea is the most common sleep disorder that leads to serious health complications if not treated early. Forecasting apnea occurrence ahead in time provides the opportunity to take appropriate actions to control and manage it. Methods A novel framework for forecasting the occurrence of apnea from single-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) based on deep recurrent neural networks is proposed. ECG R-peak amplitudes and R-R intervals are extracted and aligned using power spectral analysis, and recurrent deep learning models are developed to extract the most predictive ECG features and forecast the occurrence of apnea. Results The performance of the proposed approach was validated in forecasting apnea events up to five minutes in future on a dataset of 70 sleep recordings. A forecasting accuracy of up to 94.95% was achieved which was higher than the performance of conventional multilayer perceptron (p < 0.05) and other state-of-the-art techniques. Conclusions The proposed deep learning approach was successful in forecasting the occurrence of sleep apnea from single-lead ECG. It can therefore be adopted in wearable sleep monitors for the management of sleep apnea. Our developed algorithms are publicly available on GitHub. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

An enhanced recovery after surgery pathway: LOS reduction, rapid discharge and minimal complications after anterior cervical spine surgery

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader An enhanced recovery after surgery pathway: LOS reduction, rapid discharge and minimal complications after anterior cervical spine surgery Via Latest Results for BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders Abstract Background Enhance recovery after surgery (ERAS) is a new and promising paradigm for spine surgery. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness and safety of a multimodal and evidence-based ERAS pathway to the patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF). Methods The patients treated with the ACDF-ERAS pathway were compared with a historical cohort of patients who underwent ACDF before ERAS pathway implementation. Primary outcome was length of stay (LOS). Secondary outcomes included cost, MacNab grading, complication rates and 90-day readmission and reoperation. And perioperative factors and postoperative complications were reviewed. Results The ERAS protocol was composed of 21 components. More patients undergoing multi-level surgery (n ≥ 3) were included in the ERAS group. The ERAS group showed a shorter LOS and a lower cost than the conventional group. The postoperative satisfaction of patients in ERAS group was better than that in conventional group. In addition, the rate of overall complications was significantly higher in the conventional group than that in the ERAS group. There were no significant differences in operative time, postoperative drainage, or 90-day readmission and reoperation. Conclusions The ACDF-tailored ERAS pathway can reduce LOS, cost and postoperative complications, and improve patient satisfaction without increasing 90-day readmission and reoperation. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

ECG Signal Quality Assessments of a Small Bipolar Single-Lead Wearable Patch Sensor

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader ECG Signal Quality Assessments of a Small Bipolar Single-Lead Wearable Patch Sensor Via Latest Results for Cardiovascular Engineering and Technology Abstract Purpose There is an increasing clinical interest in the adoption of small single-lead wearable ECG sensors for continuous cardiac monitoring. The purpose of this work is to assess ECG signal quality of such devices compared to gold standard 12-lead ECG. Methods The ECG signal from a 1-lead patch was systematically compared to the 12-lead ECG device in thirty subjects to establish its diagnostic accuracy in terms of clinically relevant signal morphology, wave representation, fiducial markers and interval and wave duration. One minute ECG segments with good signal quality was selected for analysis and the features of ECG were manually annotated for comparative assessment. Results The patch showed closest similarity based on correlation and normalized root-mean-square error to the standard ECG leads I, II, \({\text {V}_3}\) and \({\text {V}_4}\) . P-wave and QRS complexes in the patch showed sensitivity (Se) and positive predictive value (PPV) of at least 99.8% compared to lead II. T-wave representation showed Se and PPV of at least 99.9% compared to lead \({\text {V}_3}\) and \({\text {V}_4}\) . Mean errors for onset and offset of the ECG waves, wave durations, and ECG intervals were within 2 samples based on 125Hz patch ECG sampling frequency. Conclusion This study demonstrates the diagnostic capability with similar morphological representation and reasonable timing accuracy of ECG signal from a patch sensor compared to 12-lead ECG. The advantages and limitations of small bipolar single-lead wearable patch sensor compared to 12-lead ECG are discussed in the context of relevant differences in ECG signal for clinical applications. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Actively targeted delivery of SN38 by ultrafine iron oxide nanoparticle for treating pancreatic cancer

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Actively targeted delivery of SN38 by ultrafine iron oxide nanoparticle for treating pancreatic cancer Via Latest Results for Investigational New Drugs Abstract Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal cancers largely due to the inefficient delivery of therapeutics. Nanomaterials have been extensively investigated as drug delivery platforms, showing improved drug pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics. However, their applications in pancreatic cancer have not yet been successful due to limited tumor delivery caused by dense tumor stroma and distorted tumor vasculatures. Meanwhile, smaller-sized nanomaterials have shown improved tumor delivery and retention in various tumors, including pancreatic tumors, suggesting their potential in enhancing drug delivery. An ultrafine iron oxide nanoparticle (uIONP) was used to encapsulate 7-ethyl-10-hydroxyl camptothecin (SN38), the water-insoluble active metabolite of pancreatic cancer chemotherapy drug irinotecan. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) was conjugated to uIONP as a ligand for targeting pancreatic cancer cells overexpressing IGF-1 receptor (IGF1R). The SN38 loadi ng and release profile were characterized. The pancreatic cancer cell targeting using IGF1-uIONP/SN38 and subsequently induced cell apoptosis were also investigated. IGF1-uIONP/SN38 demonstrated a stable drug loading in physiological pH with the loading efficiency of 68.2 ± 3.5% (SN38/Fe, wt%) and < 7% release for 24 h. In tumor-interstitial- and lysosomal-mimicking pH (6.5 and 5.5), 52.2 and 91.3% of encapsulated SN38 were released over 24 h. The IGF1-uIONP/SN38 exhibited specific receptor-mediated cell targeting and cytotoxicity Ato MiaPaCa-2 and Panc02 pancreatic cancer cells with IC50 of 11.8 ± 2.3 and 20.8 ± 3.5 nM, respectively, but not to HEK293 human embryonic kidney cells. IGF1-uIONP significantly improved the targeted SN38 delivery to pancreatic cancer cells, holding the potential for in vivo theranostic applications. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Synthetic fused sRNA for the simultaneous repression of multiple genes

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Synthetic fused sRNA for the simultaneous repression of multiple genes Via Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Abstract Efficient control over multiple gene expression still presents a major challenge. Synthetic sRNA enables targeted gene expression control in trans without directly modifying the chromosome, but its use to simultaneously target multiple genes can often cause cell growth defects because of the need for additional energy for transcription and lowering of their repression efficiency by limiting the amount of Hfq protein. To address these limitations, we present fusion sRNA (fsRNA) that simultaneously regulates the translation of multiple genes efficiently. It is constructed by linking the mRNA-binding modules for multiple targeted genes in one sRNA scaffold via one-pot generation using overlap extension PCR. The repression capacity of fsRNA was demonstrated by the construction of sRNAs to target four endogenous genes: caiF, hybG, ytfR and minD in Escherichia coli. Their cross-reactivity and the effect on cell growth were a lso investigated. As practical applications, we applied fsRNA to violacein- and protocatechuic acid–producing strains, resulting in increases of 13% violacein and 81% protocatechuic acid, respectively. The developed fsRNA-mediated multiple gene expression regulation system thus enables rapid and efficient development of optimised cell factories for valuable chemicals without cell growth defects and limiting cellular resources. Key points • Synthetic fusion sRNA (fsRNA)–based system was constructed for the repression of multiple target genes. • fsRNA repressed multiple genes by only expressing a single sRNA while minimising the cellular burden. • The application of fsRNA showed the increased production titers of violacein (13%) and protocatechuic acid (81%). View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Protective effects of interleukin-22 on oxalate-induced crystalline renal injury via alleviating mitochondrial damage and inflammatory response

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Protective effects of interleukin-22 on oxalate-induced crystalline renal injury via alleviating mitochondrial damage and inflammatory response Via Latest Results for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Abstract Oxalate-induced crystalline kidney injury is one of the most common types of crystalline nephropathy. Unfortunately, there is no effective treatment to reduce the deposition of calcium oxalate crystals and alleviate kidney damage. Thus, proactive therapeutic is urgently needed to alleviate the suffering it causes to patient. Here, we investigated whether IL-22 exerted nephroprotective effects to sodium oxalate-mediated kidney damage and its potential mechanism. Crystalline kidney injury models were developed in vitro and in vivo that was often observed in clinic. We provided evidence that IL-22 could effectively decrease the accumulation of ROS and mitochondrial damage in cell and animal models and reduce the death of TECs. Moreover, IL-22 decreased the expression of the NLRP3 inflammasome and mature IL-1β in renal tissue induced by sodium oxalate. Further studies confirmed that IL-22 could play an anti-inflammatory role by reducing the levels of cytokines suc h as IL-1β, IL-18, and TNF-α in serum. In conclusion, our study confirmed that IL-22 has protective effects on sodium oxalate-induced crystalline kidney injury by reducing the production of ROS, protecting mitochondrial membrane potential, and inhibiting the inflammatory response. Therefore, IL-22 may play a potential preventive role in sodium oxalate-induced acute renal injury. Key points • IL-22 could reduce sodium oxalate-mediated cytotoxicity and ameliorate renal injury. • IL-22 could alleviate oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction induced by sodium oxalate. • IL-22 could inhibit inflammatory response of renal injury caused by sodium oxalate. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.