Effect of periodontal treatment on glycated hemoglobin and metabolic syndrome parameters: a randomized clinical trial.

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Effect of periodontal treatment on glycated hemoglobin and metabolic syndrome parameters: a randomized clinical trial. via Journal of Clinical Periodontology Abstract Aim to assess the effect of periodontal treatment on HbA1c and diagnostic parameters of patients with Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Material and Methods A hundred and fifty-eight patients with MetS, and moderate and severe periodontitis were included. They were randomized into a test group (n=79), which received non-surgical periodontal treatment, and a control group (n=79), which received no treatment. Medical treatment was delivered to both groups. Clinical periodontal, anthropometric, and serological parameters were assessed at baseline, 3 and 6 months. The main outcome was glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, and the secondary outcomes were changes in the MetS parameters, C-reactive protein and HOMA indexes. Results Significant reductions in all the periodontal parameters were observed in the test group, compared with the control group, at 3 and 6 months (p<0.001). HbA1c levels, MetS parameters, C-reactive protein and HOMA indexes showed no significant differences between the test group and the control group at 3 and 6 months. Conclusion(s) periodontal treatment led to a substantial reduction in periodontal inflammation, although there was no significant effect on the parameters used for MetS diagnosis in patients with early-diagnosed and well-controlled MetS. Registration number NCT02012842, www.clinicaltrials.gov. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Middle Fossa Decompression for Recurrent Facial Palsy: Prevalence and Surgical Outcomes

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Middle Fossa Decompression for Recurrent Facial Palsy: Prevalence and Surgical Outcomes via The Laryngoscope Our study examined the facial nerve and audiometric outcomes of patients undergoing middle fossa decompression for recurrent facial nerve paresis. We found that facial nerve decompression for patients with incomplete functional recovery may be an effective treatment for decreasing the frequency and severity of facial palsy episodes. Objective To investigate the surgical outcomes in patients treated for recurrent facial nerve palsy (RFP) at a quaternary facial nerve referral center. Methods A retrospective chart review was performed on 132 patients with RFP who presented to our institution's facial nerve clinic from 2001 to 2021. Records were analyzed for etiology of palsy, facial nerve function, and recurrence rates. Pre- and post-operative audiometric outcomes were also assessed in surgically managed patients. Results 6.8% of RFP patients underwent surgical decompression. For patients who did not undergo surgery, the House-Brackmann (HB) score was 2.9 ± 1.3 (SD) at the initial clinic visit, and 2.4 ± 1.3 (SD) at the last clinic visit. This difference was significantly different (p = 0.01, t-test). For surgical patients, the pre-operative HB score was 2.9 ± 0.9 (SD) and post-operative HB score was 1.8 ± 0.6 (SD), which were significantly different (p = 0.01, t-test). The number of facial palsy episodes also decreased pre- and post-operatively from 3.5 ± 0.8 (SD) to 0.2 ± 0.4 (SD) episodes, which were significantly different (p < 0,001, t-test). Audiometric outcomes were not significantly different pre- and post-surgery (p = 0.31, t-test for PTA; p = 0.34, t-test for WRS). Conclusion Facial nerve decompression for RFP patients with incomplete functional recovery may be an effective treatment for decreasing the frequency and severity of facial palsy episodes. Level of Evidence 4 Laryngoscope, 2022 View on Web

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Discovery of novel 1,2,4‐triazole phenylalanine derivatives targeting an unexplored region within the interprotomer pocket of the HIV capsid protein

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Discovery of novel 1,2,4‐triazole phenylalanine derivatives targeting an unexplored region within the interprotomer pocket of the HIV capsid protein via Journal of Medical Virology Abstract HIV capsid (CA) protein is a promising target for developing novel anti-HIV drugs. Starting from highly anticipated CA inhibitors PF-74, we used scaffold hopping strategy to design a series of novel 1,2,4-triazole phenylalanine derivatives by targeting an unexplored region composed of residues 106-109 in HIV-1 CA hexamer. Compound d19 displayed excellent antiretroviral potency against HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains with EC50 values of 0.59 µM and 2.69 µM, respectively. Additionally, we show via surface plasmon resonance spectrometry (SPR) that d19 preferentially interacts with the hexameric form of CA, with a significantly improved hexamer/monomer specificity ratio (Ratio = 59) than PF-74 (Ratio = 21). Moreover, we show via SPR that d19 competes with CPSF-6 for binding to CA hexamers with IC50 value of 33.4 nM. Like PF-74, d19 inhibits the replication of HIV-1 NL4.3 pseudo typed virus in both early and late stages. In addition, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations provide binding mode information of d19 to HIV-1 CA and rationale for improved affinity and potency over PF-74. Overall, the lead compound d19 displays a distinct chemotype form PF-74, improved CA affinity, and anti-HIV potency. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Association of summer temperatures and acute kidney injury in South Korea: a case-crossover study

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Association of summer temperatures and acute kidney injury in South Korea: a case-crossover study via International Journal of Epidemiology - Advance Access Abstract Background Due to climate change, days with high temperatures are becoming more frequent. Although the effect of high temperature on the kidneys has been reported in research from Central and South America, Oceania, North America and Europe, evidence from Asia is still lacking. This study aimed to examine the association between short-term exposure to high temperatures and acute kidney injury (AKI) in a nationwide study in South Korea. Methods We used representative sampling data from the 2002–2015 National Health Insurance Service–National Sample Cohort in South Korea to link the daily mean temperatures and AKI cases that occurred in the summer. We used a bidirectional case-crossover study design with 0–7 lag days before the emergency room visit for AKI. In addition, we stratified the data into six income levels to identify the susceptible population. Results A total of 1706 participants were included in this st udy. The odds ratio (OR) per 1°C increase at 0 lag days was 1.051, and the ORs per 1°C increase at a lag of 2 days were both 1.076. The association between exposure to high temperatures and AKI was slightly greater in the low-income group (OR = 1.088; 95% CI: 1.049–1.128) than in the high-income group (OR = 1.065; 95% CI: 1.026–1.105). Conclusions In our study, a relationship between exposure to high temperatures and AKI was observed. Precautions should be taken at elevated temperatures to minimize the risk of negative health effects. View on Web

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Mental health considerations in patients undergoing complex head and neck reconstruction

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Mental health considerations in patients undergoing complex head and neck reconstruction via Current Opinion in Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery - Published Ahead-of-Print Purpose of review To summarize recent advances in the psycho-oncology literature, with a focus on findings relevant to the head and neck cancer patient. Recent findings Patients with cancer are at an increased risk of suicide and self-harm. Head and neck cancer patients are among the highest risk compared with other cancer patients. Unique challenges pertaining to disfigurement and voicelessness may, in part, explain these observations. Patient-reported outcome measures can be used to help identify high-risk patients. Summary Psychosocial support needs are highest for head and neck cancer patients. Patient-reported outcome measures should be integrated within clinical workflows to identify high-risk patients. View on Web

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Investigations Into Obesity and the Risk of Malignant Disease in Pediatric Thyroid Nodules—Reply

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Investigations Into Obesity and the Risk of Malignant Disease in Pediatric Thyroid Nodules—Reply via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Current Issue In Reply We thank Gallant et al for their interest in our recent publication regarding the association of body mass index (BMI) with thyroid cancer in children with thyroid nodules. We agree that differences in design may account for some discrepancies between our study and theirs. Different methods of calculating BMI z-scores might play a role, although our selection of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention nomograms reflects their wide use in clinical practice. Similarly, our use of nodule diameter rather than nodule volume reflects current recommendations for thyroid nodule evaluation, and is unlikely to be relevant given the excellent correlation of these measures in our cohort (r = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.96-0.97). View on Web

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Necrotizing Sialometaplasia in a Medically Compromised Patient

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Necrotizing Sialometaplasia in a Medically Compromised Patient via JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery Current Issue This case report describes a woman in her 50s with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and hypertensive kidney disease who presented with oral lesions with a duration of 1 month and was subsequently diagnosed with necrotizing sialometaplasia. View on Web

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