Rituximab for nivolumab plus ipilimumab-induced encephalitis in a small-cell lung cancer patient

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown antitumor activity against several malignancies. Nivolumab plus ipilimumab has shown promising efficacy in patients with melanoma and small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) [1–4]. ICI-induced encephalitis is an extremely rare immune-related adverse event and little is known about its clinical course and management [1–4]. We report a case of encephalitis induced by nivolumab plus ipilimumab in an SCLC patient, who showed remarkable improvement upon treatment with rituximab.

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