Leveraging the success of HIV drug development paradigms for cancer

In the 1980s, infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was a devastating condition, signifying near-certain lethality; however, people infected by HIV today may have life expectancies typical of the general population. A major driver of this progress was the introduction of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) into clinical practice. In contrast, progress for people with cancer has been incremental over the past few decades, although we have recently witnessed improved outcomes in some cancers, owing in part to the development of new therapies. Gains in our fundamental understanding of disease biology, coupled with careful clinical investigations, led to remarkable success in HIV and for certain cancers. Perhaps the development of effective therapies for HIV in the past three decades can provide further insights for continued progress in oncology.

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