Modified biweekly cisplatin, docetaxel plus cetuximab (TPEx) as first-line treatment for patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancer

Abstract

Three weekly high-dose chemotherapy regimens in combination with weekly cetuximab are the treatment of choice for patients with recurrent/metastatic (R/M) head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCCHN), although the majority of patients suffer from severe side effects. Thus, we investigated the efficacy and safety of an alternative, more convenient and less toxic biweekly modified cisplatin, docetaxel plus cetuximab (TPEx) regimen in this retrospective analysis. Thirty-eight patients receiving off-protocol cisplatin (50 mg/m²) in combination with docetaxel (50 mg/m²) plus cetuximab (500 mg/m²) every other week were included. Data collection included baseline demographic, response rate (ORR) and toxicity data as well as disease control rate, overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). The median age was 60 years, and the majority of patients suffered from oral cavity carcinomas (44.7%) followed by oropharyngeal (28.9%) and laryngeal (17.9%) carcinomas. The ORR was 50%, and four (10.5%) patients achieved a complete response, while 15 (39.5%) patients had a partial response. The OS and PFS were 10.8 months (95% CI 6.7–14.2) and 6.3 months (95% CI 5.7–6.8), respectively. The one-year survival rate was 44.7%. The therapy was well tolerated, and the most common grade 3/4 adverse events were myelosuppression (13.2%), hypomagnesaemia (23.7%) and acne-like rash (13.1%). In conclusion, modified biweekly TPEx is of comparable efficacy with conventional TPEx and represents a well-tolerated regimen in R/M SCCHN patients. Further evaluation of this protocol in prospective clinical trials is warranted.

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