Background Although pediatric cancer mortality and survival have improved in the United States over the past 40 years, differences exist by age, race/ethnicity, cancer site, and economic status. To assess progress, this study examined recent mortality and survival data for individuals younger than 20 years. Methods Age‐adjusted death rates were calculated with the National Vital Statistics System for 2002‐2016. Annual percent changes (APCs) and average annual percent changes (AAPCs) were calculated...
Wed Jul 29, 2020 11:18
Wed Jul 29, 2020 11:18
Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in approximately 20% of all breast cancers. Before the development of HER2‐directed monoclonal antibodies, HER2‐positive breast cancer was associated with a rather poor prognosis. With the advent of monoclonal HER2‐targeting antibodies (trastuzumab and pertuzumab) and antibody‐drug conjugates (trastuzumab emtansine [T‐DM1] and trastuzumab deruxtecan), clinical outcomes for HER2‐positive breast cancer have dramatically changed, and a...
Tue Jul 28, 2020 15:47
Background Mucositis is a significant toxicity of cancer therapy with numerous systemic sequelae. The goal of this systematic review was to update the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer and International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO) Clinical Practice Guidelines for the management of mucositis. Methods The literature was reviewed systematically to identify interventions for mucositis. Studies were rated according to the presence of major and minor flaws according...
Tue Jul 28, 2020 15:45
Background Male breast cancer is a rare malignant disease, accounting for <1% of all breast cancers. The treatment of male breast cancer is mainly extrapolated from the enormous literature and clinical experience in women. The objective of the current study was to assess the relationship between adjuvant chemotherapy and survival in a large population‐based cohort of patients with early‐stage male breast cancer. Methods Men with invasive stage I to stage III breast cancer were identified...
Sat Jul 25, 2020 16:55
With rapid advancement in clinical research, clinical trials on breast cancer in China have made great progress and are increasingly receiving worldwide recognition. Oncologists have been provided with an unprecedented opportunity to conduct clinical trials that offer both advantages and challenges. Investigator‐initiated trials (IITs) and trials on domestic innovative drugs are still in the initial stages, with plenty of room to grow. The goal of this study was to systematically review time...
Sat Jul 25, 2020 16:55
Background Current guidelines recommend adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with small, lymph node–negative, triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) measuring >5 mm (T1b disease), but clinical evidence to support this recommendation is lacking. Thus, the current study aimed to evaluate the survival benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with T1N0M0 (measuring ≤2 cm) TNBC with different tumor sizes. Methods The authors retrospectively evaluated consecutive patients with pT1N0M0 TNBC who...
Sat Jul 25, 2020 16:55
Background The objective of this study was to determine an axillary pathologic complete response (pCR) and its influencing factors in patients with hormone receptor (HR)–positive breast cancer and cytologically proven axillary lymph node metastases. A prediction nomogram was established to provide information for the de‐escalation of axillary management in these patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Methods The authors retrospectively enrolled all patients with HR‐positive breast cancer...
Sat Jul 25, 2020 16:55
Background The role of postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) in women with pT1‐T2N1 breast cancer is controversial. The authors developed a nomogram that was predictive for overall survival (OS) and identified patients who derived no benefit from PMRT. Methods The authors retrospectively evaluated 4869 patients with pT1‐T2N1 breast cancer who were treated with mastectomy between 2000 and 2014 in 11 Chinese hospitals. Rates of locoregional recurrence and distant metastasis were calculated using...
Sat Jul 25, 2020 16:55
Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor among women in the world. In 2005, there were approximately 272,000 new cases diagnosed and more than 70,000 deaths from breast cancer in China. Of the patients who are newly diagnosed with breast cancer each year, approximately 3% to 10% have distant metastases at the time of diagnosis. Of those who have early stage disease at diagnosis, from 30% to 40% will develop advanced breast cancer. The 5‐year survival rate for patients with advanced breast...
Sat Jul 25, 2020 16:55
Background Although traditional intraoperative assessments (ie, frozen sections) may lower reoperation rates in patients with breast cancer, time/tissue limitations and accuracy concerns have discouraged their routine clinical use. Full‐field optical coherence tomography (FFOCT) and dynamic cell imaging (DCI) are novel optical imaging techniques offering rapid histologic approximations that are unfettered by requisite handling steps. This study was conducted to determine the feasibility and diagnostic...
Sat Jul 25, 2020 16:55
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 30 July 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-0993-5Current concepts in tumour-derived organoids
01:12
British Journal of Cancer, Published online: 30 July 2020; doi:10.1038/s41416-020-1012-6Association of obesity status and metabolic syndrome with site-specific cancers: a population-based cohort study
01:12
Background The diagnosis of advanced lung cancer is made with minimally invasive procedures. This often results in the availability of cytological material only for subtype determination and companion diagnostic testing, with the latter being technically and clinically validated on histological material only. Thus, the primary objective of the MO29978 clinical study was to assess programmed death ligand 1 (PD‐L1) protein expression on cytology samples as surrogates for histology samples in patients...
Tue Jul 28, 2020 17:04
Cover of this issue. Immunofluorescence of gelsolin (green) and the astrocyte marker GFAP (red) in normal brain tissue. Nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). See also Zhang et al. (pp. https://doi.org/10.1111/cas.144292413–2422 of this issue).
Mon Jul 27, 2020 20:54
Pharmacological cardioversion of atrial fibrillation (AF) is frequently inefficacious. AP30663, a small conductance Ca2+ activated K+ (KCa2) channel blocker, prolonged the atrial effective refractory period in preclinical studies and subsequently converted AF into normal sinus rhythm. This first‐in‐human study evaluated the safety and tolerability, and pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) effects were explored. Forty‐seven healthy male volunteers (23.7 ± 3.0 years) received AP30663 intravenously...
Wed Jul 29, 2020 17:06
Purpose:The purpose of this study was to measure genomic changes that emerge with enzalutamide treatment using analyses of whole-genome sequencing and RNA sequencing.Experimental Design:One hundred and one tumors from men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) who had not been treated with enzalutamide (n = 64) or who had enzalutamide-resistant mCRPC (n = 37) underwent whole genome sequencing. Ninety-nine of these tumors also underwent RNA sequencing. We analyzed the genomes...
Wed Jul 29, 2020 17:05
Purpose: Bevacizumab is considered a promising therapy for brain necrosis after radiotherapy, while some patients fail to derive benefit or even worsen. Hence, we developed and validated a radiomics model for predicting the response to bevacizumab in patients with brain necrosis after radiotherapy. Methods: A total of 149 patients (with 194 brain lesions; 101, 51 and 42 in the training, internal and external validation sets, respectively) receiving bevacizumab were enrolled. In total, 1301 radiomic...
Wed Jul 29, 2020 15:29
Opinion statement Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) can occur in a wide variety of organs and display a spectrum of pathologic behavior. Accurate and effective imaging is paramount to the diagnosis, staging, therapy, and surveillance of patients with NET. There have been continuous advancements in the imaging of NET which includes anatomic and functional techniques.
Wed Jul 29, 2020 03:00
Publication date: Available online 29 July 2020Source: European Journal of Surgical OncologyAuthor(s): Li-Bin Xu, Hui-Hui Zhang, Ming-Ming Shi, Ze-Xin Huang, Wei-Teng Zhang, Xiao-Dong Chen, Yi-Qi Cai, Guan-Bao Zhu, Xian Shen, Wen-Jing Chen
Wed Jul 29, 2020 19:23
Publication date: Available online 29 July 2020Source: European Journal of Surgical OncologyAuthor(s): Xiaojie Wang, Zhifang Zheng, Guangliang Chen, Qian Yu, Pan Chi
Wed Jul 29, 2020 19:23
Future Oncology, Ahead of Print.
Wed Jul 29, 2020 11:31
Tipifarnib is a potent and highly selective inhibitor of farnesyltransferase (FT). FT catalyzes the post-translational attachment of farnesyl groups to signaling proteins that are required for localization to cell membranes. Although all RAS isoforms are FT substrates, only HRAS is exclusively dependent upon farnesylation, raising the possibility that HRAS mutant tumors might be susceptible to tipifarnib-mediated inhibition of FT. Here, we report the characterization of tipifarnib activity in a wide...
Wed Jul 29, 2020 16:59
Publication date: Available online 29 July 2020Source: Practical Radiation OncologyAuthor(s): Sergio Faria, Russel Ruo, Marianna Perna, Fabio Cury, Marie Duclos, Arash Sarshoghi, Luis Souhami
Wed Jul 29, 2020 19:42
Breast-conserving therapy (BCT) is a standard treatment for T1-T2 stage breast cancer [1–4]. Recent studies show that BCT achieves the recurrence rate better than mastectomy[5–9]. It is, however, reliant upon high precision of radiation treatment planning and treatment accuracy. One of the greatest uncertainties in breast radiotherapy is the target volume definition both for boost radiotherapy and accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI) [10–13], especially after a closed cavity or oncoplastic...
Wed Jul 29, 2020 03:00
Publication date: Available online 28 July 2020Source: Reports of Practical Oncology & RadiotherapyAuthor(s): M. Mayinger, C. Straube, D. Habermehl, M.N. Duma, S.E. Combs
Wed Jul 29, 2020 22:39
Publication date: Available online 28 July 2020Source: Reports of Practical Oncology & RadiotherapyAuthor(s): Cecília Melo Alvim, Patrícia Miguel Semedo, Rita Silva Paiva, Soraia Lobo-Martins, Helena Luna Pais, Ana Lúcia Costa, Ana Rita Santos, André Florindo, Ana Luísa Vasconcelos, André N. Abrunhosa-Branquinho, Paulo Palmela, Leonor Fernandes, Dolores Lopez Presa, Luís Costa, Leonor Ribeiro
Wed Jul 29, 2020 22:39
Publication date: Available online 28 July 2020Source: Seminars in OncologyAuthor(s): Adel Izmailov, Ozal Beylerli, Valentin Pavlov, Ilgiz Gareev, Maxim Zabelin, Rustem Ayupov, Shamil Musin, Alexander Sultanbaev
Wed Jul 29, 2020 18:26
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