Future Oncology Ahead of Print.
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gnU69y
via IFTTT
Cancer Medicine by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos,Crete 72100,Greece,tel :00302841026182 & 00306932607174
Τετάρτη 23 Νοεμβρίου 2016
Cancer pain: a review of epidemiology, clinical quality and value impact
Reducing radiation-related morbidity in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Future Oncology Ahead of Print.
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gCZAAs
via IFTTT
Timing of rectal cancer surgery following neoadjuvant chemoradiation: how close are we to striking an equipoise?
Future Oncology Ahead of Print.
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gnQnsL
via IFTTT
NCI’s CRCHD Launches National Colorectal Cancer Outreach and Screening Initiative
Increasing colorectal screening rates in the U.S. is part of the 10 recommendations by the Blue Ribbon Panel for the Cancer Moonshot, announced in October 2016 and endorsed by the National Cancer Advisory Board. In response to these recommendations, the NCI Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities (CRCHD) is pleased to announce the launch of the National "Screen to Save" (S2S) Colorectal Cancer Outreach and Screening Initiative. This innovative initiative aims to increase colorectal cancer screening rates among racially and ethnically diverse and rural communities.
Working through the NCI-supported National Outreach Network, community health educators will provide culturally-tailored, evidence-based colorectal cancer information, education, and screening resources within racially and ethnically diverse and rural communities nationwide.
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2g5ZGgn
via IFTTT
NCI’s CRCHD Launches National Colorectal Cancer Outreach and Screening Initiative
Increasing colorectal screening rates in the U.S. is part of the 10 recommendations by the Blue Ribbon Panel for the Cancer Moonshot, announced in October 2016 and endorsed by the National Cancer Advisory Board. In response to these recommendations, the NCI Center to Reduce Cancer Health Disparities (CRCHD) is pleased to announce the launch of the National "Screen to Save" (S2S) Colorectal Cancer Outreach and Screening Initiative. This innovative initiative aims to increase colorectal cancer screening rates among racially and ethnically diverse and rural communities.
Working through the NCI-supported National Outreach Network, community health educators will provide culturally-tailored, evidence-based colorectal cancer information, education, and screening resources within racially and ethnically diverse and rural communities nationwide.
http://ift.tt/2g5ZGgn
Radiation and Subsequent Reirradiation Outcomes in the Treatment of Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma and a Systematic Review of the Reirradiation Literature
Publication date: Available online 23 November 2016
Source:Practical Radiation Oncology
Author(s): Christopher Freese, Vinita Takiar, Maryam Fouladi, Mariko DeWire, John Breneman, Luke Pater
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2giRvQV
via IFTTT
Pseudoprogression of a Spinal Metastasis after Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy (SABR) and Immune Checkpoint Therapy
Publication date: Available online 23 November 2016
Source:Practical Radiation Oncology
Author(s): Sachin Jhawar, Ann W. Silk, Sharad Goyal
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2ft7QkD
via IFTTT
Radiation and Subsequent Reirradiation Outcomes in the Treatment of Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma and a Systematic Review of the Reirradiation Literature
Publication date: Available online 23 November 2016
Source:Practical Radiation Oncology
Author(s): Christopher Freese, Vinita Takiar, Maryam Fouladi, Mariko DeWire, John Breneman, Luke Pater
http://ift.tt/2giRvQV
Pseudoprogression of a Spinal Metastasis after Stereotactic Ablative Body Radiotherapy (SABR) and Immune Checkpoint Therapy
Publication date: Available online 23 November 2016
Source:Practical Radiation Oncology
Author(s): Sachin Jhawar, Ann W. Silk, Sharad Goyal
http://ift.tt/2ft7QkD
Phase II study of chemoselection with docetaxel plus cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil induction chemotherapy and subsequent conversion surgery for locally advanced unresectable oesophageal cancer
Phase II study of chemoselection with docetaxel plus cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil induction chemotherapy and subsequent conversion surgery for locally advanced unresectable oesophageal cancer
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1328 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.350
Authors: Tomoya Yokota, Ken Kato, Yasuo Hamamoto, Yasuhiro Tsubosa, Hirofumi Ogawa, Yoshinori Ito, Hiroki Hara, Takashi Ura, Takashi Kojima, Keisho Chin, Shuichi Hironaka, Takayuki Kii, Yasushi Kojima, Yasunori Akutsu, Hisayuki Matsushita, Kentaro Kawakami, Keita Mori, Yushi Nagai, Chika Asami & Yuko Kitagawa
http://ift.tt/2gjszpV
Incorporating multiparametric MRI staging and the new histological Grade Group system improves risk-stratified detection of bone metastasis in prostate cancer
Incorporating multiparametric MRI staging and the new histological Grade Group system improves risk-stratified detection of bone metastasis in prostate cancer
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1285 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.353
Authors: David Thurtle, Ray C J Hsu, Madhurima Chetan, Artitaya Lophatananon, Rachel Hubbard, Vincent J Gnanapragasam & Tristan Barrett
http://ift.tt/2gIbv0C
No association of CpG island methylator phenotype and colorectal cancer survival: population-based study
No association of CpG island methylator phenotype and colorectal cancer survival: population-based study
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1359 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.361
Authors: Min Jia, Lina Jansen, Viola Walter, Katrin Tagscherer, Wilfried Roth, Esther Herpel, Matthias Kloor, Hendrik Bläker, Jenny Chang-Claude, Hermann Brenner & Michael Hoffmeister
http://ift.tt/2gjvcYV
Digoxin and prostate cancer survival in the Finnish Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer
Digoxin and prostate cancer survival in the Finnish Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1289 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.328
Authors: Kalle J Kaapu, Teemu J Murtola, Kirsi Talala, Kimmo Taari, Teuvo LJ Tammela & Anssi Auvinen
http://ift.tt/2gIbI43
Reproductive and hormonal factors in relation to survival and platinum resistance among ovarian cancer cases
Reproductive and hormonal factors in relation to survival and platinum resistance among ovarian cancer cases
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1391 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.316
Authors: Amy L Shafrir, Ana Babic, Rulla M Tamimi, Bernard A Rosner, Shelley S Tworoger & Kathryn L Terry
http://ift.tt/2gIkbnN
Predicting poor prognosis recurrence in women with endometrial cancer: a nomogram developed by the FRANCOGYN study group
Predicting poor prognosis recurrence in women with endometrial cancer: a nomogram developed by the FRANCOGYN study group
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1296 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.337
Authors: Lobna Ouldamer, Sofiane Bendifallah, Gilles Body, Cyril Touboul, Olivier Graesslin, Emilie Raimond, Pierre Collinet, Charles Coutant, Vincent Lavoué, Jean Lévêque, Emile Daraï & Marcos Ballester
http://ift.tt/2gjxpDx
Risk factors cannot explain the higher prevalence rates of precancerous colorectal lesions in men
Risk factors cannot explain the higher prevalence rates of precancerous colorectal lesions in men
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1421 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.324
Authors: Elisabeth Waldmann, Georg Heinze, Arnulf Ferlitsch, Irina GessI, Daniela Sallinger, Philip Jeschek, Martha Britto-Arias, Petra Salzl, Elisabeth Fasching, Bernd Jilma, Michael Kundi, Michael Trauner & Monika Ferlitsch
http://ift.tt/2gIlmn7
Effect of walking on circadian rhythms and sleep quality of patients with lung cancer: a randomised controlled trial
Effect of walking on circadian rhythms and sleep quality of patients with lung cancer: a randomised controlled trial
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1304 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.356
Authors: Hui-Mei Chen, Chun-Ming Tsai, Yu-Chung Wu, Kuan-Chia Lin & Chia-Chin Lin
http://ift.tt/2gjtyGx
Downregulation of EGFR in hypoxic, diffusion-limited areas of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck
Downregulation of EGFR in hypoxic, diffusion-limited areas of squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1351 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.336
Authors: Arnulf Mayer, Sebastian Zahnreich, Jürgen Brieger, Peter Vaupel & Heinz Schmidberger
http://ift.tt/2gIkK0L
Quality of life during olaparib maintenance therapy in platinum-sensitive relapsed serous ovarian cancer
Quality of life during olaparib maintenance therapy in platinum-sensitive relapsed serous ovarian cancer
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1313 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.348
Authors: Jonathan A Ledermann, Philipp Harter, Charlie Gourley, Michael Friedlander, Ignace Vergote, Gordon Rustin, Clare Scott, Werner Meier, Ronnie Shapira-Frommer, Tamar Safra, Daniela Matei, Anitra Fielding, Bryan Bennett, David Parry, Stuart Spencer, Helen Mann & Ursula Matulonis
http://ift.tt/2gjsXom
The FOXD3/miR-214/MED19 axis suppresses tumour growth and metastasis in human colorectal cancer
The FOXD3/miR-214/MED19 axis suppresses tumour growth and metastasis in human colorectal cancer
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1367 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.362
Authors: G Y He, J L Hu, L Zhou, X H Zhu, S N Xin, D Zhang, G F Lu, W T Liao, Y Q Ding & L Liang
http://ift.tt/2gIiSVW
Predictive factors of antiproliferative activity of octreotide LAR as first-line therapy for advanced neuroendocrine tumours
Predictive factors of antiproliferative activity of octreotide LAR as first-line therapy for advanced neuroendocrine tumours
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1321 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.349
Authors: Faidon-Marios Laskaratos, Martin Walker, Keval Naik, Emmanouil Maragkoudakis, Nikolaos Oikonomopoulos, Lee Grant, Tim Meyer, Martyn Caplin & Christos Toumpanakis
http://ift.tt/2gjxnvp
Pathogenesis and progression of oesophageal adenocarcinoma varies by prior diagnosis of Barrett’s oesophagus
Pathogenesis and progression of oesophageal adenocarcinoma varies by prior diagnosis of Barrett's oesophagus
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1383 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.344
Authors: Michael B Cook, Jennifer Drahos, Shannon Wood, Lindsey Enewold, Ruth Parsons, Neal D Freedman, Philip R Taylor, Winnie Ricker & Christian C Abnet
http://ift.tt/2gIaw0G
Pathogenesis and progression of oesophageal adenocarcinoma varies by prior diagnosis of Barrett’s oesophagus
Pathogenesis and progression of oesophageal adenocarcinoma varies by prior diagnosis of Barrett's oesophagus
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1383 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.344
Authors: Michael B Cook, Jennifer Drahos, Shannon Wood, Lindsey Enewold, Ruth Parsons, Neal D Freedman, Philip R Taylor, Winnie Ricker & Christian C Abnet
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gIaw0G
via IFTTT
Risk of hospitalisation and death due to bone fractures after breast cancer: a registry-based cohort study
Risk of hospitalisation and death due to bone fractures after breast cancer: a registry-based cohort study
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1400 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.314
Authors: Edoardo Colzani, Mark Clements, Anna L V Johansson, Annelie Liljegren, Wei He, Judith Brand, Jan Adolfsson, Tommy Fornander, Per Hall & Kamila Czene
http://ift.tt/2gIfVED
Phase II study of chemoselection with docetaxel plus cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil induction chemotherapy and subsequent conversion surgery for locally advanced unresectable oesophageal cancer
Phase II study of chemoselection with docetaxel plus cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil induction chemotherapy and subsequent conversion surgery for locally advanced unresectable oesophageal cancer
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1328 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.350
Authors: Tomoya Yokota, Ken Kato, Yasuo Hamamoto, Yasuhiro Tsubosa, Hirofumi Ogawa, Yoshinori Ito, Hiroki Hara, Takashi Ura, Takashi Kojima, Keisho Chin, Shuichi Hironaka, Takayuki Kii, Yasushi Kojima, Yasunori Akutsu, Hisayuki Matsushita, Kentaro Kawakami, Keita Mori, Yushi Nagai, Chika Asami & Yuko Kitagawa
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gjszpV
via IFTTT
Genotypes of CYP2C8 and FGD4 and their association with peripheral neuropathy or early dose reduction in paclitaxel-treated breast cancer patients
Genotypes of CYP2C8 and FGD4 and their association with peripheral neuropathy or early dose reduction in paclitaxel-treated breast cancer patients
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1335 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.326
Authors: Siu W Lam, Charlotte N Frederiks, Tahar van der Straaten, Aafke H Honkoop, Henk-Jan Guchelaar & Epie Boven
http://ift.tt/2gjwvHn
Risk of hospitalisation and death due to bone fractures after breast cancer: a registry-based cohort study
Risk of hospitalisation and death due to bone fractures after breast cancer: a registry-based cohort study
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1400 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.314
Authors: Edoardo Colzani, Mark Clements, Anna L V Johansson, Annelie Liljegren, Wei He, Judith Brand, Jan Adolfsson, Tommy Fornander, Per Hall & Kamila Czene
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gIfVED
via IFTTT
Reproductive history and risk of colorectal adenocarcinoma in parous women: a Nordic population-based case–control study
Reproductive history and risk of colorectal adenocarcinoma in parous women: a Nordic population-based case–control study
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1416 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.315
Authors: Tone Bjørge, Mika Gissler, Anne Gulbech Ording, Anders Engeland, Ingrid Glimelius, Maarit Leinonen, Henrik Toft Sørensen, Steinar Tretli, Anders Ekbom, Rebecca Troisi & Tom Grotmol
http://ift.tt/2gIbTfO
Genotypes of CYP2C8 and FGD4 and their association with peripheral neuropathy or early dose reduction in paclitaxel-treated breast cancer patients
Genotypes of CYP2C8 and FGD4 and their association with peripheral neuropathy or early dose reduction in paclitaxel-treated breast cancer patients
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1335 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.326
Authors: Siu W Lam, Charlotte N Frederiks, Tahar van der Straaten, Aafke H Honkoop, Henk-Jan Guchelaar & Epie Boven
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gjwvHn
via IFTTT
Reproductive history and risk of colorectal adenocarcinoma in parous women: a Nordic population-based case–control study
Reproductive history and risk of colorectal adenocarcinoma in parous women: a Nordic population-based case–control study
British Journal of Cancer 115, 1416 (22 November 2016). doi:10.1038/bjc.2016.315
Authors: Tone Bjørge, Mika Gissler, Anne Gulbech Ording, Anders Engeland, Ingrid Glimelius, Maarit Leinonen, Henrik Toft Sørensen, Steinar Tretli, Anders Ekbom, Rebecca Troisi & Tom Grotmol
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gIbTfO
via IFTTT
GEC-ESTRO ACROP recommendations for head & neck brachytherapy in squamous cell carcinomas: 1st update – Improvement by cross sectional imaging based treatment planning and stepping source technology
The Head and Neck Working Group of the GEC-ESTRO (Groupe Européen de Curiethérapie – European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology) published in 2009 the consensus recommendations for low-dose rate, pulsed-dose rate and high-dose rate brachytherapy in head & neck cancers. The use of brachytherapy in combination with external beam radiotherapy and/or surgery was also covered as well as the use of brachytherapy in previously irradiated patients. Given the developments in the field, these recommendations needed to be updated to reflect up-to-date knowledge.
http://ift.tt/2gCp6pr
Sex differences in the association of obesity and colorectal cancer risk
Abstract
Epidemiological research has convincingly shown that obesity increases colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, with generally stronger associations observed in men than in women. Evidence from the past several years has demonstrated a divergent pattern between men and women regarding the weight changes throughout life or timing of obesity for CRC risk. For men, weight gain later in life appears to be an important risk factor for CRC that mostly accounts for their generally strong association between adult body mass index and CRC risk. For women, however, early life obesity seems to be more important than adult weight gain in determining CRC risk. A knowledge of these sex patterns may have implications on better understanding colorectal carcinogenesis and may further improve prevention efforts for CRC.
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gCmkAv
via IFTTT
Sex differences in the association of obesity and colorectal cancer risk
Abstract
Epidemiological research has convincingly shown that obesity increases colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, with generally stronger associations observed in men than in women. Evidence from the past several years has demonstrated a divergent pattern between men and women regarding the weight changes throughout life or timing of obesity for CRC risk. For men, weight gain later in life appears to be an important risk factor for CRC that mostly accounts for their generally strong association between adult body mass index and CRC risk. For women, however, early life obesity seems to be more important than adult weight gain in determining CRC risk. A knowledge of these sex patterns may have implications on better understanding colorectal carcinogenesis and may further improve prevention efforts for CRC.
http://ift.tt/2gCmkAv
Neurobehavioural evaluation of resveratrol in murine models of anxiety and schizophrenia
Abstract
Resveratrol, a caloric restriction mimetic, is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the etiology of a number of neuropsychiatric disorders including generalized anxiety and schizophrenia. This study investigated the anxiolytic and antipsychotic potentials of resveratrol in murine models of anxiety and schizophrenia. Mice were pretreated with resveratrol (200 and 400 mg/kg) in 1% carboxymethyl cellulose for 14 days and subjected to behavioural tests on the 15th day. Anxiolytic activity of resveratrol was determined using the hole board and staircase tests while its anti-psychotic property was evaluated via apormorphine induced stereotypy and swim-induced grooming tests. Although resveratrol did not significantly reduce the mean number of head dips at doses used in the hole board test, it significantly (p < 0.01) decreased the mean episodes of rearing without significantly altering the total number of upward steps climbed in the staircase test. Resveratrol significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the mean climbing scores in the first ten minutes of the apormorphine induced stereotypic climbing and significantly decreased (p < 0.01) episodes and total duration of swim induced grooming in mice. Administration of resveratrol at doses used in this study produced anxiolysis and anti-psychotic effects in mice.
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gmDm2G
via IFTTT
Neurobehavioural evaluation of resveratrol in murine models of anxiety and schizophrenia
Abstract
Resveratrol, a caloric restriction mimetic, is a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Oxidative stress has been implicated in the etiology of a number of neuropsychiatric disorders including generalized anxiety and schizophrenia. This study investigated the anxiolytic and antipsychotic potentials of resveratrol in murine models of anxiety and schizophrenia. Mice were pretreated with resveratrol (200 and 400 mg/kg) in 1% carboxymethyl cellulose for 14 days and subjected to behavioural tests on the 15th day. Anxiolytic activity of resveratrol was determined using the hole board and staircase tests while its anti-psychotic property was evaluated via apormorphine induced stereotypy and swim-induced grooming tests. Although resveratrol did not significantly reduce the mean number of head dips at doses used in the hole board test, it significantly (p < 0.01) decreased the mean episodes of rearing without significantly altering the total number of upward steps climbed in the staircase test. Resveratrol significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the mean climbing scores in the first ten minutes of the apormorphine induced stereotypic climbing and significantly decreased (p < 0.01) episodes and total duration of swim induced grooming in mice. Administration of resveratrol at doses used in this study produced anxiolysis and anti-psychotic effects in mice.
http://ift.tt/2gmDm2G
Conservation of immune gene signatures in solid tumors and prognostic implications
Abstract
Background
Tumor-infiltrating leukocytes can either limit cancer growth or facilitate its spread. Diagnostic strategies that comprehensively assess the functional complexity of tumor immune infiltrates could have wide-reaching clinical value. In previous work we identified distinct immune gene signatures in breast tumors that reflect the relative abundance of infiltrating immune cells and exhibited significant associations with patient outcomes. Here we hypothesized that immune gene signatures agnostic to tumor type can be identified by de novo discovery of gene clusters enriched for immunological functions and possessing internal correlation structure conserved across solid tumors from different anatomic sites.
Methods
We assembled microarray expression datasets encompassing 5,295 tumors of the breast, colon, lung, ovarian and prostate. Unsupervised clustering methods were used to determine number and composition of gene clusters within each dataset. Immune-enriched gene clusters (signatures) identified by gene ontology enrichment were analyzed for internal correlation structure and conservation across tumors then compared against expression profiles of: 1) flow-sorted leukocytes from peripheral blood and 2) >300 cancer cell lines from solid and hematologic cancers. Cox regression analysis was used to identify signatures with significant associations with clinical outcome.
Results
We identified nine distinct immune-enriched gene signatures conserved across all five tumor types. The signatures differentiated specific leukocyte lineages with moderate discernment overall, and naturally organized into six discrete groups indicative of admixed lineages. Moreover, seven of the signatures exhibit minimal and uncorrelated expression in cancer cell lines, suggesting that these signatures derive predominantly from infiltrating immune cells. All nine immune signatures achieved statistically significant associations with patient prognosis (p<0.05) in one or more tumor types with greatest significance observed in breast and skin cancers. Several signatures indicative of myeloid lineages exhibited poor outcome associations that were most apparent in brain and colon cancers.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that tumor infiltrating immune cells can be differentiated by immune-specific gene expression patterns that quantify the relative abundance of multiple immune infiltrates across a range of solid tumor types. That these markers of immune involvement are significantly associated with patient prognosis in diverse cancers suggests their clinical utility as pan-cancer markers of tumor behavior and immune responsiveness.
http://ift.tt/2ggfYCN
Conservation of immune gene signatures in solid tumors and prognostic implications
Abstract
Background
Tumor-infiltrating leukocytes can either limit cancer growth or facilitate its spread. Diagnostic strategies that comprehensively assess the functional complexity of tumor immune infiltrates could have wide-reaching clinical value. In previous work we identified distinct immune gene signatures in breast tumors that reflect the relative abundance of infiltrating immune cells and exhibited significant associations with patient outcomes. Here we hypothesized that immune gene signatures agnostic to tumor type can be identified by de novo discovery of gene clusters enriched for immunological functions and possessing internal correlation structure conserved across solid tumors from different anatomic sites.
Methods
We assembled microarray expression datasets encompassing 5,295 tumors of the breast, colon, lung, ovarian and prostate. Unsupervised clustering methods were used to determine number and composition of gene clusters within each dataset. Immune-enriched gene clusters (signatures) identified by gene ontology enrichment were analyzed for internal correlation structure and conservation across tumors then compared against expression profiles of: 1) flow-sorted leukocytes from peripheral blood and 2) >300 cancer cell lines from solid and hematologic cancers. Cox regression analysis was used to identify signatures with significant associations with clinical outcome.
Results
We identified nine distinct immune-enriched gene signatures conserved across all five tumor types. The signatures differentiated specific leukocyte lineages with moderate discernment overall, and naturally organized into six discrete groups indicative of admixed lineages. Moreover, seven of the signatures exhibit minimal and uncorrelated expression in cancer cell lines, suggesting that these signatures derive predominantly from infiltrating immune cells. All nine immune signatures achieved statistically significant associations with patient prognosis (p<0.05) in one or more tumor types with greatest significance observed in breast and skin cancers. Several signatures indicative of myeloid lineages exhibited poor outcome associations that were most apparent in brain and colon cancers.
Conclusions
These findings suggest that tumor infiltrating immune cells can be differentiated by immune-specific gene expression patterns that quantify the relative abundance of multiple immune infiltrates across a range of solid tumor types. That these markers of immune involvement are significantly associated with patient prognosis in diverse cancers suggests their clinical utility as pan-cancer markers of tumor behavior and immune responsiveness.
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2ggfYCN
via IFTTT
Changes in PlGF and MET-HGF expressions in paired initial and recurrent glioblastoma
Abstract
Angiogenesis is one of the key features of glioblastoma (GB). However, the use of anti-angiogenic therapies directed against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is limited by primary or acquired resistance. MET/HGF and PlGF signaling are involved in potential alternative escape mechanisms to VEGF pathway. Our objective was to explore the potential changes of MET/HGF and PlGF expression, comparing initial diagnosis and recurrence after radiotherapy-temozolomide (RT/TMZ). Paired frozen tumors from both initial and recurrent surgery after radio-chemotherapy were available for 28 patients. RNA expressions of PlGF, MET, and HGF genes were analyzed by RT-qPCR. PlGF expression significantly decreased at recurrence (p = 0.021), and expression of MET showed a significant increase (p = 0.011) at recurrence. RNA expressions of MET and HGF significantly correlated both at baseline and recurrence (baseline: p = 0.005; recurrence: p = 0.019). Evolutive profile (increasing versus decreasing expression at recurrence) of MET was associated with PFS (p = 0.002) and OS (p = 0.022) at recurrence, while the evolutive profile of HGF was associated with PFS at relapse (p = 0.049). Recurrence of GB after chemo-radiation could be associated with a variation in PlGF and MET expression. These results contribute to suggest a modification of the GB angiogenic process between initial diagnosis and recurrence.
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gmq722
via IFTTT
Demonstration of DCE-MRI as an early pharmacodynamic biomarker of response to VEGF Trap in glioblastoma
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an incurable brain tumor characterized by the expression of pro-angiogenic cytokines. A recent phase II clinical trial studied VEGF Trap in adult patients with temozolomide-resistant GBM. We sought to explore changes in [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in trial participants correlating these changes with disease response. FDG-PET and MRI images obtained before and after the first dose of VEGF Trap were spatially co-registered. Regions of interest on each image slice were combined to produce a volume of interest representative of the entire tumor. Percent and absolute changes in maximum FDG-avidity, mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), Ktrans, and Ve were calculated per lesion. Among the 12 participants that underwent dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), there were large, statistically significant reductions in Ktrans and Ve (median difference = −41.8 %, p < 0.02 and −42.6 %, p < 0.04, respectively). In contrast, there were no significant reductions in ADC or FDG-PET SUVmax values. DCE-MRI is a useful measure of early pharmacodynamic effects of VEGF Trap on tumor vasculature. The absence of significant changes in FDG-PET and DW-MRI suggest that the early pharmacodynamic effects are specific to tumor perfusion and/or permeability and do not directly inhibit metabolism or induce cell death. DCE-MRI in conjunction with standard imaging may be promising for the identification of anti-angiogenic effects in this patient population with this therapeutic target. Further studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between DCE-MRI response and clinical outcome.
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gBETVk
via IFTTT
Clinicopathological characteristics, molecular subgrouping, and expression of miR-379/miR-656 cluster (C14MC) in adult medulloblastomas
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is a childhood tumor comprising four molecular subgroups: WNT, SHH, group 3 and group 4, with diagnostic and prognostic connotations. Very few studies are available on molecular subgrouping of adult MBs due to their rarity. Recently, loss of chromosome14q has been reported in SHH MBs, with downregulation of miR-379/miR-656 cluster (C14MC) in pediatric SHH MBs. Hence, the present study on adult MBs was undertaken to enumerate clinicopathological characteristics and molecular subgroups, and to analyze expression of C14MC and its transcriptional regulators, MEF2, JUN and ESRRG. Immunohistochemistry for β-catenin, GAB1 and YAP1 was performed to identify molecular subgroups. MYC amplification was evaluated by FISH. Expression profiling of 47 miRNAs from C14MC was performed using customized Taqman low-density array. Expression of transcriptional regulators was examined using RT-PCR. Seventy-one adult MBs were analyzed. They had male predominance and majority were located laterally (52 %). A significant proportion of cases were of Desmoplastic/nodular histology (32 %); MBEN was not seen. WNT tumors constituted 4.2 %, SHH 62 %, and non-WNT/non-SHH 33.8 %. MYC amplification was identified in 11.1 % cases. Patient outcome was worse in adults. Significant downregulation of C14MC was observed in all MB subgroups, and MEF-2 expression was downregulated. Adult MBs are distinct from childhood MBs in terms of location, histopathological subtypes, molecular subgroups, as well as prognosis. Silencing of C14MC in all MB subgroups suggests its role as a tumor suppressor locus in tumorigenesis. Deregulation of C14MC can possibly be attributed to repression of MEF2.
from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2gmroWA
via IFTTT
Changes in PlGF and MET-HGF expressions in paired initial and recurrent glioblastoma
Abstract
Angiogenesis is one of the key features of glioblastoma (GB). However, the use of anti-angiogenic therapies directed against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is limited by primary or acquired resistance. MET/HGF and PlGF signaling are involved in potential alternative escape mechanisms to VEGF pathway. Our objective was to explore the potential changes of MET/HGF and PlGF expression, comparing initial diagnosis and recurrence after radiotherapy-temozolomide (RT/TMZ). Paired frozen tumors from both initial and recurrent surgery after radio-chemotherapy were available for 28 patients. RNA expressions of PlGF, MET, and HGF genes were analyzed by RT-qPCR. PlGF expression significantly decreased at recurrence (p = 0.021), and expression of MET showed a significant increase (p = 0.011) at recurrence. RNA expressions of MET and HGF significantly correlated both at baseline and recurrence (baseline: p = 0.005; recurrence: p = 0.019). Evolutive profile (increasing versus decreasing expression at recurrence) of MET was associated with PFS (p = 0.002) and OS (p = 0.022) at recurrence, while the evolutive profile of HGF was associated with PFS at relapse (p = 0.049). Recurrence of GB after chemo-radiation could be associated with a variation in PlGF and MET expression. These results contribute to suggest a modification of the GB angiogenic process between initial diagnosis and recurrence.
http://ift.tt/2gmq722
Demonstration of DCE-MRI as an early pharmacodynamic biomarker of response to VEGF Trap in glioblastoma
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is an incurable brain tumor characterized by the expression of pro-angiogenic cytokines. A recent phase II clinical trial studied VEGF Trap in adult patients with temozolomide-resistant GBM. We sought to explore changes in [18F]Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in trial participants correlating these changes with disease response. FDG-PET and MRI images obtained before and after the first dose of VEGF Trap were spatially co-registered. Regions of interest on each image slice were combined to produce a volume of interest representative of the entire tumor. Percent and absolute changes in maximum FDG-avidity, mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), Ktrans, and Ve were calculated per lesion. Among the 12 participants that underwent dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), there were large, statistically significant reductions in Ktrans and Ve (median difference = −41.8 %, p < 0.02 and −42.6 %, p < 0.04, respectively). In contrast, there were no significant reductions in ADC or FDG-PET SUVmax values. DCE-MRI is a useful measure of early pharmacodynamic effects of VEGF Trap on tumor vasculature. The absence of significant changes in FDG-PET and DW-MRI suggest that the early pharmacodynamic effects are specific to tumor perfusion and/or permeability and do not directly inhibit metabolism or induce cell death. DCE-MRI in conjunction with standard imaging may be promising for the identification of anti-angiogenic effects in this patient population with this therapeutic target. Further studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between DCE-MRI response and clinical outcome.
http://ift.tt/2gBETVk
Clinicopathological characteristics, molecular subgrouping, and expression of miR-379/miR-656 cluster (C14MC) in adult medulloblastomas
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is a childhood tumor comprising four molecular subgroups: WNT, SHH, group 3 and group 4, with diagnostic and prognostic connotations. Very few studies are available on molecular subgrouping of adult MBs due to their rarity. Recently, loss of chromosome14q has been reported in SHH MBs, with downregulation of miR-379/miR-656 cluster (C14MC) in pediatric SHH MBs. Hence, the present study on adult MBs was undertaken to enumerate clinicopathological characteristics and molecular subgroups, and to analyze expression of C14MC and its transcriptional regulators, MEF2, JUN and ESRRG. Immunohistochemistry for β-catenin, GAB1 and YAP1 was performed to identify molecular subgroups. MYC amplification was evaluated by FISH. Expression profiling of 47 miRNAs from C14MC was performed using customized Taqman low-density array. Expression of transcriptional regulators was examined using RT-PCR. Seventy-one adult MBs were analyzed. They had male predominance and majority were located laterally (52 %). A significant proportion of cases were of Desmoplastic/nodular histology (32 %); MBEN was not seen. WNT tumors constituted 4.2 %, SHH 62 %, and non-WNT/non-SHH 33.8 %. MYC amplification was identified in 11.1 % cases. Patient outcome was worse in adults. Significant downregulation of C14MC was observed in all MB subgroups, and MEF-2 expression was downregulated. Adult MBs are distinct from childhood MBs in terms of location, histopathological subtypes, molecular subgroups, as well as prognosis. Silencing of C14MC in all MB subgroups suggests its role as a tumor suppressor locus in tumorigenesis. Deregulation of C14MC can possibly be attributed to repression of MEF2.
http://ift.tt/2gmroWA
Εγγραφή σε:
Αναρτήσεις (Atom)