Maternal anaesthesia in open and fetoscopic surgery of foetal open spinal neural tube defects: A 6-year observational study

BACKGROUND Prenatal myelomeningocele repair by open surgery can improve the neurological prognosis of children with this condition. A shift towards a fetoscopic approach seems to reduce maternal risks and improve obstetric outcomes. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to report on the anaesthetic management of women undergoing prenatal open or fetoscopic surgery for neural tube defects. DESIGN A retrospective cohort study. SETTING Prenatal myelomeningocele repair research group, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Spain. INTERVENTION Intra-uterine foetal repairs of spina bifida between 2011 and 2016 were reviewed. Anaesthetic and vasoconstrictor drugs, fluid therapy, maternal haemodynamic changes during surgery, blood gas changes during CO2 insufflation for fetoscopic surgery, and maternal and foetal complications were noted. RESULTS Twenty-nine foetuses with a neural tube defect underwent surgery, seven (24.1%) with open and 22 (75.9%) with fetoscopic surgery. There were no significant differences in maternal doses of opioids or neuromuscular blocking agents. Open surgery was associated with higher dose of halogenated anaesthetic agents [maximum medium alveolar concentration (MAC) sevoflurane 1.90 vs. 1.50%, P = 0.01], higher need for intra-operative tocolytic drugs [five of seven (71.4%) and two of 22 (9.1%) required nitroglycerine, P = 0.001], higher volume of colloids (500 vs. 300 ml, P = 0.036) and more postoperative tocolytic drugs (three drugs in all seven cases (100%) of open and in one of 21 (4.76%) of fetoscopic surgery, P 

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Intra-operative tachycardia is not associated with a composite of myocardial injury and mortality after noncardiac surgery: A retrospective cohort analysis

BACKGROUND Myocardial injury after noncardiac surgery (MINS) is a major contributor to peri-operative morbidity and mortality with a reported incidence of about 8%. Tachycardia increases myocardial oxygen demand, and decreases oxygen supply, and is therefore a potential cause of MINS. OBJECTIVE We tested the hypothesis that there is an association between intra-operative area above a heart rate (HR) of 90 bpm and a composite of MINS and in-hospital all-cause mortality. DESIGN Retrospective analyses. SETTING Major tertiary care hospital, Cleveland, USA. PATIENTS Adults having elective or nonelective noncardiac surgery and scheduled troponin monitoring during the first 3 postoperative days between 2010 and 2015. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES All-or-none composite of myocardial injury (MINS), defined by a peak postoperative generation 4 troponin T concentration at least 0.03 ng ml−1, and in-hospital all-cause mortality. RESULTS Among 2652 eligible patients, 123 (4.6%) experienced MINS within 7 days after surgery and 6 (0.2%) died before discharge. Intra-operative area above HR more than 90 bpm was not associated with the all-or-none composite of MINS and in-hospital mortality, with an estimated odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 0.99 (0.97 to 1.01) per 1 h bpm increase in area above HR more than 90 bpm. Secondary outcomes were also unrelated to the composite, with estimated odds ratios (98.3% confidence interval) of 0.99 (0.98 to 1.00) for area above HR more than 80, 0.98 (0.92 to 1.04) for area above HR more than 100 bpm, and 0.96 (0.88 to 1.05) for maximum HR. CONCLUSION There was no apparent association between various measures of tachycardia and a composite of MINS and death, a result that contradicts previously reported associations between other measures of intra-operative tachycardia and MINS/mortality. Correspondence to Kurt Ruetzler, MD, Department of Outcomes Research, Anaesthesiology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, P-77, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA Tel: +1 216 445 9857; fax: +1 216 444 6135; e-mail: kurt.ruetzler@reflex.at;web:www.or.org Supplemental digital content is available for this article. Direct URL citations appear in the printed text and are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's Website (https://ift.tt/2ylyqmW). © 2018 European Society of Anaesthesiology

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