Κυριακή 28 Φεβρουαρίου 2016

Physical activity in Black breast cancer survivors: implications for quality of life and mood at baseline and 6-month follow-up

Abstract

Background

The present study sought to examine the influence of physical activity on quality of life and negative mood in a sample of Black breast cancer survivors to determine if physical activity (dichotomized) predicted mean differences in negative mood and quality of life in this population.

Methods

Study participants include 114 women diagnosed with breast cancer (any stage of disease, any type of breast cancer) recruited to participate in an adaptive cognitive–behavioral stress management intervention. The mean body mass index of the sample at baseline was 31.39 (standard deviation = 7.17).

Results

A multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted to determine if baseline physical activity predicted mean differences in negative mood and quality of life at baseline and at follow ups while controlling for relevant covariates. A one-way MANCOVA revealed a significant multivariate effect by physical activity group for the combined dependent variables at Time 2 (post 10-week intervention), p = .039. The second one-way MANCOVA revealed a significant multivariate effect at Time 3 (6 months after Time 2), p = .034. Specifically, Black breast cancer survivors who engaged in physical activity experienced significantly lower negative mood and higher social/family well-being at Time 2 and higher spiritual and functional well-being at Times 2 and 3.

Conclusions

Results show that baseline physical activity served protective functions for breast cancer survivors over time. Developing culturally relevant physical activity interventions specifically for Black breast cancer survivors may prove vital to improving quality of life and mood in this population. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.



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Meckel’s diverticulum complicated with gastro-intestinal stromal tumor: Case report

Publication date: Available online 27 February 2016
Source:Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute
Author(s): Islam H. Metwally, Amr F. Elalfy, Shadi Awny, Nirmeen Megahed
IntroductionMeckel's diverticulum is a common congenital anomaly, mostly asymptomatic. Tumors may arise rarely in these diverticulae. We claim presenting a new problem to the medical staff in Egypt.Case presentationWe report a case of a 49year old male patient who attended our center with pelvic mass insinuated between the bladder and the rectum. On exploration the mass was found arising at the tip of a Meckel's diverticulum, Gastro-intestinal stromal tumor (GIST) was confirmed by pathology.DiscussionIn review of recently published cases most of these tumors were presented with vague abdominal pain as in our case. Tumors were treated by resection with or without adjuvant Imatinib.ConclusionSurgeons and oncologists should bear in mind this rare diagnosis and know how to treat it.



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Tumeurs malignes des gaines nerveuses périphériques intracérébrales métastatiques : à propos de deux cas et revue exhaustive des cas de la littérature

Publication date: Available online 27 February 2016
Source:Cancer/Radiothérapie
Author(s): C. Le Fèvre, J. Castelli, C. Perrin, P.L. Hénaux, G. Noël
Les tumeurs malignes des gaines nerveuses périphériques sont des tumeurs rares qui peuvent être associées à une neurofibromatose de type 1, ayant un pronostic défavorable, dont le traitement repose sur la chirurgie. La radiothérapie et la chimiothérapie sont des traitements de seconde ligne fréquemment utilisés mais dont l'efficacité reste à démontrer. Ces tumeurs, dont le diagnostic est clinique, radiologique histologique et immunohistochimique, ont un potentiel de récidive locale important. Des métastases à distance peuvent survenir mais sont rares. Les localisations tumorales observées sont variables et rarement intracérébrales. Nous rapportons deux cas de tumeurs malignes intracérébrales des gaines nerveuses périphériques métastatiques. Le premier cas était celui d'une femme de 68ans qui souffrait de céphalées et d'une diplopie, chez laquelle le diagnostic de tumeur maligne des gaines nerveuses périphériques frontotemporale gauche a été posé. Elle a été traitée initialement par chirurgie et irradiation. Dix mois après le diagnostic, il a été découvert une récidive locale et des métastases osseuses rachidiennes, traitées par vertébroplastie et irradiation. La patiente est décédée 15 mois après le diagnostic. Le deuxième cas était une celui d'une femme de 47ans qui souffrait de signes d'hypertension intracrânienne. Il avait été découvert une tumeur maligne des gaines nerveuses périphériques frontale droite traitée par chirurgie et irradiation. La patiente a été atteinte de trois récidives locales, traitées par chirurgie, et de localisations métastatiques concomitantes osseuses et pulmonaires, dont le traitement a été une chimiothérapie. Elle était vivante 20 mois après le diagnostic initial. Nous avons dénombré, dans une revue de la littérature, 25 cas de tumeurs malignes intracérébrales des gaines nerveuses périphériques, dont les deux cas présentés ci-dessus.Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours are extremely rare and can be associated with neurofibramatosis type 1. Their prognosis is poor and surgery remains the mainstay of therapy and should be the first line of treatment. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy are second line treatment and their effectiveness remains to demonstrate. The diagnosis is clinical, radiological, histological and immunohistochemical. Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours have a potential of local tumour recurrence very high and can metastasize. They often occur in extremity of the members but also rarely into brain. We report two cases of intracerebral nerve sheath tumour. The first was a 68-year-old woman who was admitted with progressive symptoms of headache and diplopia. A left frontotemporal malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours was diagnosed and was treated by surgery and irradiation. Ten months later, she presented a local recurrence and spine bone's metastases were treated by vertebroplasty and irradiation. The patient died 15 months after the diagnosis. The second case was a 47-year-old woman who was referred because headache and vomiting symptoms. A right frontal malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours was diagnosed and treated by surgery and irradiation. After that, the patient had three local recurrence operated and pulmonary and cranial bone's metastases. She was still alive after 20 months. We propose a literature review with 25 cases of intracerebral nerve sheath tumour identified, including the two current cases.



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Editorial Board

Publication date: March–April 2016
Source:Practical Radiation Oncology, Volume 6, Issue 2





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Table of Contents

Publication date: March–April 2016
Source:Practical Radiation Oncology, Volume 6, Issue 2





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Masthead

Publication date: March–April 2016
Source:Practical Radiation Oncology, Volume 6, Issue 2





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Παρασκευή 26 Φεβρουαρίου 2016

Selective Activator Protein-1 Inhibitor T-5224 Prevents Lymph Node Metastasis in an Oral Cancer Model

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Summary

Activator protein-1 (AP-1) is a transcriptional factor that regulates the expression of various genes associated with tumor invasion and migration. The purpose of our study was to assess the therapeutic effects of a novel selective AP-1 inhibitor–T-5224–in preventing lymph-node metastasis in head and neck squamous-cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in an orthotopic mouse model. We assessed the effect of T-5224 on HNSCC cell invasion, migration, proliferation, and matrix-metalloproteinase activity by performing an in vitro study using an invasion assay, scratch assay, WST-8 assay, and gelatin zymography. We also observed morphological changes in HNSCC cells by time-lapse microscopy. Furthermore, cervical lymph-node metastasis was assessed using an orthotopic tumor model of human oral squamous-cell carcinoma cells (HSC-3-M3) injected in the tongue of a BALB/c nude mouse. T-5224 (150 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered orally every day for 4 weeks. Animals were sacrificed and assessed for lymph-node metastasis by hematoxylin-eosin staining of resected lymph nodes. T-5224 significantly inhibited the invasion, migration, and matrix-metalloproteinase activity of HNSCC cells in a dose-dependent manner; there was no significant influence on cell proliferation. The anti-metastatic effect of T-5224 was also confirmed in our animal study. The rate of cervical lymph-node metastasis in the model was 40.0% in the T-5224-treated group (n = 30) versus 74.1% in the vehicle-treated group (n = 27; P < 0.05). In conclusion, T-5224 inhibited the invasion and migration of HNSCC cells in vitro, and prevented lymph-node metastasis in head and neck cancer in an animal model.

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