Kicked to touch: Hoodwinked by torticollis

A 2-year-old girl presented to the emergency department with a 3-day history of a painful stiff neck after getting a kick to her head from her older brother. Her general practitioner had recently started her on oral antibiotics for otitis media. Plain film imaging of her cervical spine on admission revealed anterior subluxation of C2 on C3 suggestive of bifacetal dislocation. Subsequent CT imaging confirmed malalignment of the upper cervical spine. The patient was admitted and worked up with MRI of the cervical spine which unexpectedly revealed a large 4x2 cm retropharyngeal abscess extending from C1 to C4. No associated structural abnormality of the spine was detected. This case report highlights the life-threatening causes of torticollis (retropharyngeal abscess and cervical spine injury), and summarises the anatomy and normal variants that one should expect on interpretation of cervical spine imagery.

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Maggots in the management of ulcer care

Description

An elderly man was admitted to the hospital with right leg mixed aetiology ulcers and superadded cellulitis, which had been unresponsive to several weeks of oral antibiotic therapy (figure 1). He was an ex-smoker with a medical history of hypertension, atrial fibrillation and previous cerebrovascular event and was treated with intravenous antibiotics for superadded infection. Surgical debridement was undertaken with little success (figure 2). He was offered biological debridement therapy using contained maggots, to which he responded very well and was discharged home after 1 month. (figures 3 and 4)

Figure 1

Image showing right leg mixed aetiology ulcers and superadded cellulitis.

Figure 2

Image showing right leg postsurgical debridement therapy.

Figure 3

Image showing right leg postbiological maggot debridement therapy.

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Finer leaf resolution and steeper beam edges using a virtual isocentre in concurrence to PTV-shaped collimators in standard distance – a planning study

Investigation of a reduced source to target distance to improve organ at risk sparing during stereotactic irradiation (STX).

http://ift.tt/2qijh5L

Finer leaf resolution and steeper beam edges using a virtual isocentre in concurrence to PTV-shaped collimators in standard distance – a planning study

Investigation of a reduced source to target distance to improve organ at risk sparing during stereotactic irradiation (STX).

from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2qijh5L
via IFTTT

hrHPV E5 oncoprotein: immune evasion and related immunotherapies

Abstract

The immune response is a key factor in the fight against HPV infection and related cancers, and thus, HPV is able to promote immune evasion through the expression of oncogenes. In particular, the E5 oncogene is responsible for modulation of several immune mechanisms, including antigen presentation and inflammatory pathways. Moreover, E5 was suggested as a promising therapeutic target, since there is still no effective medical therapy for the treatment of HPV-related pre-neoplasia and cancer. Indeed, several studies have shown good prospective for E5 immunotherapy, suggesting that it could be applied for the treatment of pre-cancerous lesions. Thus, insofar as the majority of cervical, oropharyngeal and anal cancers are caused by high-risk HPV (hrHPV), mainly by HPV16, the aim of this review is to discuss the immune pathways interfered by E5 oncoprotein of hrHPV highlighting the various aspects of the potential immunotherapeutic approaches.

http://ift.tt/2qq7hdA

hrHPV E5 oncoprotein: immune evasion and related immunotherapies

Abstract

The immune response is a key factor in the fight against HPV infection and related cancers, and thus, HPV is able to promote immune evasion through the expression of oncogenes. In particular, the E5 oncogene is responsible for modulation of several immune mechanisms, including antigen presentation and inflammatory pathways. Moreover, E5 was suggested as a promising therapeutic target, since there is still no effective medical therapy for the treatment of HPV-related pre-neoplasia and cancer. Indeed, several studies have shown good prospective for E5 immunotherapy, suggesting that it could be applied for the treatment of pre-cancerous lesions. Thus, insofar as the majority of cervical, oropharyngeal and anal cancers are caused by high-risk HPV (hrHPV), mainly by HPV16, the aim of this review is to discuss the immune pathways interfered by E5 oncoprotein of hrHPV highlighting the various aspects of the potential immunotherapeutic approaches.

from Cancer via ola Kala on Inoreader http://ift.tt/2qq7hdA
via IFTTT

The prognostic value of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio is superior to derived neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio in advanced gastric cancer treated with preoperative chemotherapy and sequential R0 resection: a 5-year follow-up

http://ift.tt/2s1oX0n