Efficiency of Microbial Preparations Based on Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderna harzianum for the Protection of Spring Barley from Diseases in Northwestern Russia

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Efficiency of Microbial Preparations Based on Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderna harzianum for the Protection of Spring Barley from Diseases in Northwestern Russia Via Latest Results for Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology Abstract The efficiency of the microbial preparations Vitaplan LP and Trikhotsin LP, which are based on loose powders of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderna harzianum cells, respectively, for the protection of spring barley from root rot and helminthosporium leaf spots in the northwest of the Russian Federation has been studied. It was shown that both preparations had a small effect on spring-barley diseases when used for the treatment of seeding material or vegetative plants. The development of helminthosporium-fusarium root rot and helminthosporium leaf spots was reduced by 35%. A higher biological and agricultural effect was achieved with the use of a drug for the treatment of seeds with a low degree of infection by the main root-rot pathogen. Compensation for reduced doses of chemical fungicides with Vitaplan LP had less of an effect than full doses of these fungicides: the effect on root rot and helminthosporium leaf spots was reduced by 17 and 12.7 %, respectively. The use of mixtures of Vitaplan LP with chemical preparations is advisable at a medium degree of seed contamination with root-rot pathogens and a predicted moderate development of helminthosporium leaf spots. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Glutamyl- and Glutaminyl-tRNA Synthetases Are a Promising Target for the Design of an L-Threonine–Producing Strain

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Glutamyl- and Glutaminyl-tRNA Synthetases Are a Promising Target for the Design of an L-Threonine–Producing Strain Via Latest Results for Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology Abstract The present work describes an approach that uses a reduction in biomass accumulation during fermentation to improve the properties of a strain producing L-threonine. Glutamyl- and glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases were chosen as targets. Mutants carrying temperature-sensitive alleles of the mentioned enzymes were obtained. It was shown with this system that suppression of the function of tRNA synthetases led to the rapid arrest of culture growth and an increase in the productivity and conversion of L-threonine synthesis. One of the temperature-sensitive strains was used to obtain mutants with the ts phenotype under nonpermissive conditions. Some of these mutants accumulated less biomass and produced 10–12% more threonine than the original strain. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Bioaugmentation of Nitrifying Microorganisms to Increase the Efficiency of the Oxidation of Nitrogen Compounds during Wastewater Biofiltration

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Bioaugmentation of Nitrifying Microorganisms to Increase the Efficiency of the Oxidation of Nitrogen Compounds during Wastewater Biofiltration Via Latest Results for Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology Abstract The efficiency of the bioaugmentation of nitrifying bacteria into biofilm microbiocenosis with 30 days of continuous biofiltration of a solution of municipal model wastewater has been assessed. The laboratory setup consisted of two parallel operating biofilters. Cultures of ammonium-oxidizing and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria of the Nitrobacter genus were sequentially introduced into one of them after the initial period. It was established that the bioaugmentation of ammonium-oxidizing bacteria into the biofilm microbiocenosis led to an increase in the efficiency of the removal of ammonium nitrogen by an average of 1.6 times as compared to the control biofilter. The subsequent bioaugmentation of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria caused an increase in the amount of nitrates in purified water by an average of two times. The bioaugmentation of nitrifying bacteria in the biofilm microbiocenosis intensified the nitrification process. The quantitative and qualita tive identification of microorganisms via fluorescence in situ hybridization showed an increased number of nitrifying microorganisms in the biofilm of the experimental biofilter and a correlation between this characteristic and the biotransformation of nitrogen compounds, which confirms the efficiency of the introduction of microorganisms into the biofilm. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Laminin 521 Modulates the Сytotoxic Effect of 5-Fluorouracil on HT29 Colorectal Cancer Cells

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Laminin 521 Modulates the Сytotoxic Effect of 5-Fluorouracil on HT29 Colorectal Cancer Cells Via Latest Results for Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology Abstract The cytotoxic effect of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and regorafenib (RF), drugs with different mechanisms of action used to treat colorectal cancer, on an HT29 cell line cultured on plastic or laminin 521 (LM-521) has been studied. It is first shown that LM-521 can increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to 5FU. A possible mechanism of the observed effect of LM-521 on the HT29 cell viability is proposed based on transcriptome and proteome analysis. The interaction of β1-containing integrins on the cell surface with LM-521 can activate the FAK/PI3K/Akt signaling pathways and promote phosphorylation of the YAP transcription coactivator and its binding to the complex with the 14-3-3σ protein. The formation of this complex leads to YAP retention in the cytoplasm and prevents its transport to the nucleus and the activation of antiapoptotic gene transcription. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Expression of the NADPH + -Dependent Formate-Dehydrogenase Gene from Pseudomona s Increases Lysine Production in Corynebacterium glutamicum

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Expression of the NADPH + -Dependent Formate-Dehydrogenase Gene from Pseudomona s Increases Lysine Production in Corynebacterium glutamicum Via Latest Results for Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology Abstract The psefdh_D221Q gene encodes a mutant formate dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas (P-seFDG_D221Q), which catalyzes formate oxidation with the simultaneous formation of NADPH. It is expressed in cells of lysine-producing Corynebacterium glutamicum strains. The psefdh_D221Q gene was introduced into C. glutamicum strains as part of an autonomous plasmid or was integrated into the chromosome with the simultaneous inactivation of the host formate-dehydrogenase genes. It was shown that the C. glutamicum strains with NADP+-dependent formate dehydrogenase have an increased level of L-lysine synthesis in the presence of formate if their own formate dehydrogenase is inactivated. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

In Vitro System for the Detection of Prostate Cancer Markers via Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader In Vitro System for the Detection of Prostate Cancer Markers via Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Via Latest Results for Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology Abstract Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) of nucleic acids enables the detection of amplification products 10–20 min after the beginning of the reaction. An intraoperative method for the detection of metastases in lymph nodes based on LAMP, one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA), allows the rapid detection of the epithelial-specific marker gene KRT19 in lymph nodes. The standard protocol for OSNA was developed more than 10 years ago to detect breast cancer metastases in lymph nodes. Since then, a new version of the key enzyme involved in the reaction (Bst-polymerase) was obtained, but its use in OSNA has remained unexplored. Moreover, the time has come to apply OSNA to the detection of other cancer types, in particular, prostate cancer. The first step is to create an in vitro system that allows LAMP to be carried out on prostate-cancer cell lines. In this work, the LAMP protocol was developed for the new Bst 3.0 polymerase with optim ized dNTP concentrations and without reverse transcriptase, and cell lines were selected (DU-145 for prostate cancer and Molt-4 for negative control). As a result, a new, in vitro system for the LAMP-based detection of prostate cancer with the marker gene KRT19 was developed. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Inactivation of Yarrowia lipolytica YlACL2 gene Coding Subunit of ATP Citrate Lyase Using CRISPR/Cas9 System

xlomafota.13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Inactivation of Yarrowia lipolytica YlACL2 gene Coding Subunit of ATP Citrate Lyase Using CRISPR/Cas9 System Via Latest Results for Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology Abstract In this study, YlACL2 was inactivated by two methods: traditional approach based on homologous recombination and uracil marker and markerless system using CRISPR/Cas9. The efficiency of YlACL2 inactivation using traditional approach was 4% (one ΔYlacl2 strain out of 24 tested transformants) whereas knockout efficiency using CRISPR/Cas9 system was 75% (18 ΔYlacl2 strains out of 24 tested transformants). YlACL2 null mutant strains were not able to utilize citrate as a single carbon source. Growth kinetics was investigated in the media with glucose and acetate as a single carbon source. The fact that ΔYlacl2 is able to grow in the minimal medium with glucose as a single carbon source provides evidence that there is an alternative source of acetyl-CoA on carbohydrate substrates in Y. lipolytica. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.