Oral Myofunctional and Articulation Disorders in Children with Malocclusions: A Systematic Review

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Oral Myofunctional and Articulation Disorders in Children with Malocclusions: A Systematic Review Via Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica Background: Relationships between malocclusion and orofacial myofunctional disorders (OMD), as well as malocclusions and articulation disorders (AD) have been described, though the exact relationships remain unclear. Given the high prevalence of these disorders in children, more clarity is needed. Summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the association between OMD (specifically, bruxism, deviate swallowing, caudal resting tongue posture, and biting hab its), AD, and malocclusions in children and adolescents aged between 3 and 18 years. To conduct a systematic review, 4 databases were searched (MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus). The identified articles were screened for the eligibility criteria. Data were extracted from the selected articles and quality assessment was performed using the tool of Munn et al. [Int J Health Policy Manag. 2014;3:123–81] in consensus. Using the search strategy, the authors identified 2,652 articles after the removal of duplicates. After reviewing the eligibility criteria, 17 articles were included in this study. One of the included articles was deemed to have an unclear risk of bias, whereas all other articles were considered to have a low risk of bias. The articles showed a relationship between anterior open bite and apico-alveolar articulatory distortions, as well as between anterior open bite and deviate swallowing. For the biting habits, bruxism, and low tongue position no clear conclus ions could be drawn. Key Messages: The current review suggests a link between specific types of malocclusion and OMD and AD. However, more high-quality evidence (level 1 and level 2, Oxford Levels of Evidence) is needed to clarify the cooccurrence of other OMD, AD, and malocclusions. Folia Phoniatr Logop View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Postinfectious Olfactory Dysfunction: Oral Steroids and Olfactory Training versus Olfactory Training Alone: Is There any Benefit from Steroids?

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Postinfectious Olfactory Dysfunction: Oral Steroids and Olfactory Training versus Olfactory Training Alone: Is There any Benefit from Steroids? Via O.R.L. Journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its borderlands Introduction: There are limited treatment options for postinfectious olfactory dysfunction (PIOD). Olfactory training has recently been used in clinical practice, but no medical treatment is widely accepted. Although there is weak evidence for their value, some physicians use oral corticosteroids as first-line treatment. The aim of this study was to compare combined oral methylprednisolone and olfactory training with olfactory training alone in the management of PIOD. Methods: This prospective cohort study included 131 patients with PIOD over a 2-year period before the COVID-19 pandemic. Seventy-eight patients who were treated with oral methylprednisolone and olfactory training (group A) were compared with 53 patients who were treated with olfactory training only (group B). Olfactory function was evaluated with "Sniffin' Sticks" at baseline and 2, 8, and 16 weeks after initial assessment. Patients who improved after steroid treatment underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the paranasal sinuses, skin prick tests, lung spirometry, and sputum eosinophil assessment. Results: Oral steroids improved 19.23% of patients (n = 15) of group A. History, clinical evaluation, imaging, and laboratory tests identified an inflammatory background in half of them (n = 8). The remaining 7 had no findings of nasal inflammation, and all had a short history of olfactory dysfunction. Both groups significantly improved in olfactory testing results at the end of the olfactory training scheme without si gnificant difference between them. Conclusions: The percentage of improved patients after oral methylprednisolone was relatively low to suggest it as first-line treatment. Half of the improved patients had an underlying upper airway inflammatory condition not related to the infection that caused the acute loss of olfactory function. ORL View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Epidural blood patch to treat a postsurgical cerebrospinal fluid leak using central line kit

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Epidural blood patch to treat a postsurgical cerebrospinal fluid leak using central line kit Via leak of cerebrospinal fluid Pain Manag. 2021 Jun 9. doi: 10.2217/pmt-2020-0102. Online ahead of print. ABSTRACT Epidural blood patches are considered definitive treatment for postdural puncture headache in adult patients. However, they are infrequently used in children or in patients with altered spine anatomy. In patients who have undergone recent spine surgery, the lumbar epidural space can be approached safely via the caudal canal. Our case demonstrates a novel technique to perform an epidural blood patch from a caudal approach using a commonly available central line kit for a 15-year-old patient with severe spinal headache due to cerebrospinal fluid leak following a hemilaminectomy. PMID:34102859 | DOI:10.2217/pmt-2020-0102 View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Biologics in Otolaryngology

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Biologics in Otolaryngology Via Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America Biologics have been widely adopted in multiple subspecialties of otolaryngology. This article provides an overview of past, present, and future uses of biologics in otolaryngology with emphasis on allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with polyposis, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, salivary and skull base tumors, hearing loss, and other otologic disorders. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Targeted Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Targeted Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer Via Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important therapeutic target in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). EGFR-targeted agents including monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors have shown mixed results in clinical trials. To date, only cetuximab, an anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody, is approved for use in local/regional advanced and recurrent or metastatic HNSCC. This article reviews the mechanism of action of cetuximab and its antitumor immune effects and the data to support its use in HNSCC. It additionally provides an overview of other EGFR monoclonal antibodies and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors that have been studied. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Mechanisms and Practical Use of Biologic Therapies for Allergy and Asthma Indications

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Mechanisms and Practical Use of Biologic Therapies for Allergy and Asthma Indications Via Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America This article presents a concise overview of the important aspects of the immunologic mechanisms targeted by T-helper 2–directed monoclonal antibodies, as well as their practical applications in the treatment of allergic disorders (specifically allergic rhinitis) and asthma. Several of these novel agents treat multiple diseases, so understanding their targets and the underlying disease process can aid patient selection. In addition, the particular targets of the therapeutics seem to be shifting to include not only agents that intervene against inflammatory cytokines or their receptors but also specific molecular epitopes and cellular surface proteins. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.

Anti-PD-1 Immune Checkpoint Blockade for Head and Neck Cancer

xlomafota13 shared this article with you from Inoreader Anti-PD-1 Immune Checkpoint Blockade for Head and Neck Cancer Via Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America Immunotherapy in recent years has solidified its position as the fourth pillar of cancer treatment alongside surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. Although in its infancy, when compared with these other conventional therapeutic strategies, immunotherapy has provided a chance for prolonged survival, and in some cases even cure, for patients who previously would have been given a terminal diagnosis. In head and neck cancer in particular, the advent of antiprogrammed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD-1) immune checkpoint blockade has shown modest response rates in patients with recurrent or metastatic mucosal squamous cell carcinoma. View on the web Inoreader. Take back control of your news feed. Follow us on Twitter and Facebook.