Cancer Medicine by Alexandros G.Sfakianakis,Anapafseos 5 Agios Nikolaos,Crete 72100,Greece,tel :00302841026182 & 00306932607174
Κυριακή 15 Οκτωβρίου 2017
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for postoperative pain control after lumbar spine surgery: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) play a role in pain relief, especially in postoperative pain caused by inflammation. They have demonstrated significant opioid dose-sparing effects, which help in reducing postoperative effects and opioid side effects. The objective of this meta-analysis was to explore the role of NSAIDs in reducing postoperative pain at different time intervals and provide reference for medication after lumbar spine surgery by a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT).
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Evans Syndrome Complicated by Intratubular Hemoglobin Cast Nephropathy
Evans syndrome (ES) is a rare autoimmune disorder whose exact pathophysiology is unknown. It is characterized by the simultaneous or subsequent development of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) and immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Intravascular hemolysis, with hemoglobinemia, is known to produce acute kidney injury; however, the development of intratubular hemoglobin casts (hemoglobin cast nephropathy) in the setting of acute hemolysis is uncommon. Likewise, the association of ES and acute renal failure is equally uncommon. We present a case of a 7-year-old girl with ES who developed acute kidney injury in the setting of intravascular hemolysis and had widespread intratubular hemoglobin casts.
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Correlation between CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12 chemokine axis expression and prognosis in lymph-node-positive lung cancer patients
Summary
The CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12 chemokine axis plays important roles in the migration of tumor cells during cancer development by modulating site-specific distant metastasis including to regional lymph nodes. We investigated the correlation of these chemokine expressions to prognosis in lymph-node-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. A total of 140 surgically resected specimens of primary site (PS) and metastatic lymph nodes (MLN) of NSCLC involving hilar and/or mediastinal lymph nodes (N1–2) were collected. CXCR4, CXCR7 and CXCL12 expressions were evaluated. Cox regression analysis was performed to determine whether these chemokines were independent prognostic factors in N1–2 NSCLC. High expression of CXCR4 in PS and CXCL12 in MLN was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (p = 0.025 and 0.033, respectively). Significant correlations between CXCR4 expression in PS and CXCL12 expression in MLN were observed (p = 0.040). There was significant difference in OS between two groups according to expressions of CXCR4 in PS and CXCL12 in MLN (p = 0.0033). Expression of CXCL12 in MLN was identified as an independent prognostic factor (HR 1.79, 95% CI 1.08–3.04, p = 0.023). CXCL12 in MLN was mainly expressed by tumor cells compared with stromal cells (56% vs. 25%, respectively, p < 0.0001). CXCR4/CXCL12 may play roles in tumor progression in MLN and is associated with poor prognosis of lymph-node-positive NSCLC patients.
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Pyruvate Kinase Isozymes M2 and Glutaminase Might Be Promising Molecular Targets for the Treatment of Gastric Cancer
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the significance of glucose metabolism-related enzymes in the proliferation of gastric cancer under hypoxia. Four hypoxia-resistant gastric cancer cell lines and 4 parent cell lines were used. RT-PCR was used to evaluate the mRNA expression levels of the following metabolism-related enzymes: pyruvate kinase isozymes M2 (PKM2), glutaminase (GLS), enolase 1 (ENO1), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), and PKM1. The effects of these enzymes on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells were examined using siRNAs, Shikonin as a PKM2 inhibitor, or BPTES as a GLS inhibitor, in vitro and in vivo. Levels of both PKM2 and GLS mRNA were significantly high in all hypoxia-resistant cell lines, compared with those of their parent cells. Knockdown of PKM2 and GLS significantly decreased the proliferation of all of hypoxia-resistant cells. The combination of siPKM2 and siGLS significantly decreased proliferation compared with treatment by siPKM2 or siGLS alone. The knockdown of ENO1, G6PDH, or PKM1 did not decrease the proliferation of all hypoxia-resistant cells. Combination treatment by Shikonin and BPTES inhibited the proliferation of all hypoxia-resistant cancer cells more than that by either one of the two agents. The in vivo study indicated that the tumor size treated by the combination of Shikonin and BPTES was significantly smaller than that of vehicle-treated group. These findings suggested that PKM2 and GLS might play important roles in the proliferation of hypoxic gastric cancer cells. A combination of PKM2 and GLS inhibitors might be therapeutically promising for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Correlation between CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12 chemokine axis expression and prognosis in lymph-node-positive lung cancer patients
Summary
The CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12 chemokine axis plays important roles in the migration of tumor cells during cancer development by modulating site-specific distant metastasis including to regional lymph nodes. We investigated the correlation of these chemokine expressions to prognosis in lymph-node-positive non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. A total of 140 surgically resected specimens of primary site (PS) and metastatic lymph nodes (MLN) of NSCLC involving hilar and/or mediastinal lymph nodes (N1–2) were collected. CXCR4, CXCR7 and CXCL12 expressions were evaluated. Cox regression analysis was performed to determine whether these chemokines were independent prognostic factors in N1–2 NSCLC. High expression of CXCR4 in PS and CXCL12 in MLN was associated with poor overall survival (OS) (p = 0.025 and 0.033, respectively). Significant correlations between CXCR4 expression in PS and CXCL12 expression in MLN were observed (p = 0.040). There was significant difference in OS between two groups according to expressions of CXCR4 in PS and CXCL12 in MLN (p = 0.0033). Expression of CXCL12 in MLN was identified as an independent prognostic factor (HR 1.79, 95% CI 1.08–3.04, p = 0.023). CXCL12 in MLN was mainly expressed by tumor cells compared with stromal cells (56% vs. 25%, respectively, p < 0.0001). CXCR4/CXCL12 may play roles in tumor progression in MLN and is associated with poor prognosis of lymph-node-positive NSCLC patients.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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