Cancer by Sfakianakis Alexandros

Πέμπτη 9 Νοεμβρίου 2017

Successful medical management of acute mesenteric ischemia due to superior mesenteric and portal vein thrombosis in a 27-year-old man with protein S deficiency: a case report

Acute mesenteric ischemia poses a diagnostic challenge due to nonspecific clinical clues and lack of awareness owing to its rarity. Ischemia due to mesenteric venous thrombosis has a good prognosis compared to...

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Genotyping Natural Killer immune checkpoints to discover biomarkers of response

Immune checkpoints have been a focus of immunotherapy in the recent decade. Killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and their cognate human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I ligands have evolved as checkpoints to ensure self-tolerance of natural iiller (NK) cells. Both KIR and HLA genetic profiles are potential biomarkers of immunotherapy outcome.

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Genotyping Natural Killer immune checkpoints to discover biomarkers of response

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The impact of visceral adipose tissue amount on the adequacy of lymph node retrieval in colorectal cancer surgery

Background

Obesity is increasing worldwide, potentially influencing surgical outcomes in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. We analyzed the effects of obesity indexes on lymph node (LN) retrieval in CRC patients.

Method

We applied obesity indexes of body mass index (BMI) and visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue volumes to stage I-III CRC patients. The primary outcome was the effect of these indexes on the number of retrieved LNs (12 > LNs ≥ 12).

Results

Among 519 patients, 35.6% had a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m². After adjusting for gender, age, tumor location, resected colon length, and local invasion and LN statuses, patients in the highest VAT quartile showed a 5.848 decrease in the number of retrieved LNs, with an odds ratio of 0.483 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.260-0.8979) for adequate LN retrieval (≥12), compared with those in the lowest quartile (P < 0.001 for both). Analysis of the model predicting LN retrieval revealed VAT as the only obesity index (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.721) providing significant additional predictive power (P = 0.037) to the model including age, gender, staging, tumor location, and resected colon length (AUC = 0.707).

Conclusion

Increased VAT may cause inadequate LN retrieval in CRC patients. In viscerally obese patients, VAT volumes should be considered when clinically interpreting LN status.

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Study Identifies Potential Drug Combination for Ewing Sarcoma

From experiments in cells and mice, researchers have identified a two-drug combination that kills more Ewing sarcoma cells than either drug on its own. The study findings could help inform future clinical trials.

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Analysis of survival of patients treated with vemurafenib, ipilimumab and dabrafenib for advanced skin melanoma in daily clinical practice (Real-World Data): retrospective analysis of patients treated under drug/reimbursement programmes in Poland in 2013-2016.

Vemurafenib, ipilimumab and dabrafenib were registered for the treatment of advanced skin melanoma pursuant to the results of randomized phase III clinical trials. Real-world data on survival time for patients treated with those drugs in daily clinical practice are so far limited. Patients with advanced skin melanoma treated under reimbursement programmes (drug programmes), for which they were qualified pursuant to uniform inclusion criteria in force in all oncology centres in Poland. Data were obtained from the electronic databases of the national payer (NFZ) responsible for the implementation and monitoring of reimbursement (drug) programmes. The analysis included all patients included for treatment with vemurafenib (since March of 2013), ipilimumab (since March of 2014) and dabrafenib (since July of 2015) until December 2016. The end date of the observation was set to 31 December 2016. The total survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier estimator. Until 31 December 2016, 759 patients were treated with vemurafenib, 370 with ipilimumab and 181 with dabrafenib. The overall survival (OS) median was 9.8 months for patients treated with vemurafenib (95% confidence interval: 8.8-10.6) and 6.9 months for patients treated with ipilimumab (95% confidence interval: 5.7-9.2). For patients treated with dabrafenib, the OS median was not reached because of an overly short observation period. The probability of surviving 12 months in the group of patients treated with vemurafenib was 40.5%, ipilimumab was 35.1% and dabrafenib was 60.7%. The probability of surviving 24 and 36 months in the group of patients treated with vemurafenib or ipilimumab amounted to, respectively, 20.1, 15.4 and 21, 18.8%. OS of patients with advanced melanoma treated in daily clinical practice may be comparable to the ones achieved in registration trials. The use of appropriate treatment inclusion criteria may affect the obtained OS. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (CCBY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. http://ift.tt/1hexVwJ Copyright (C) 2017 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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