Πέμπτη 17 Ιουνίου 2021

Early Intervention for the Treatment of Acute Laryngeal Injury After Intubation—Excellent Outcomes With Low Risk?—Reply

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In Reply Aretha et al offer support for our recent observations detailing the importance of early intervention for the treatment of acute laryngeal injury after prolonged mechanical ventilation. In addition, the authors raise several good points that will shape future questions surrounding laryngeal functional recovery after critical illness. Their letter also highlights the inherent limitations involved in a retrospective cohort study. These limitations are salient, as evidenced by their mention and thorough discussion in our initial manuscript.
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Early Intervention for the Treatment of Acute Laryngeal Injury After Intubation

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To the Editor We read with great interest the recently published article by Lowery AS et al in JAMA Otolaryngology–Head & Neck Surgery, where it was shown that early intervention for patients with postintubation laryngeal injury was associated with a decreased duration of tracheostomy dependence, a higher rate of decannulation, and fewer surgical procedures compared with late intervention. Patients who underwent early intervention also avoided open reconstruction. We appreciate the important information presented in this study and we wish to comment on some associated issues.
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Nasal Mass in a Middle-aged Woman With Multiple Myeloma and Recurrent Fungal Sinusitis

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A woman in her 50s with multiple myeloma and persistent sinus mucormycosis is admitted with new left-sided nasal congestion, facial pain, and cheek numbness, and a nasal mass is found. What is your diagnosis?
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Perineural Spread of Melanoma Into the Orbit With Inflammatory Response and Nonsurgical Treatment

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This case report describes a patient with glabellar melanoma who was previously treated with immune-therapy and presented with perineural spread recurrence with inflammatory features associated with prior immune-therapy.
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The hypertrophic chondrocyte: To be or not to be

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Histol Histopathol. 2021 Jun 17:18355. doi: 10.14670/HH-18-355. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Hypertrophic chondrocytes are the master regulators of endochondral ossification; however, their ultimate cell fates cells remain largely elusive due to their transient nature. Historically, hypertrophic chondrocytes have been considered as the terminal state of growth plate chondrocytes, which are destined to meet their inevitable demise at the primary spongiosa. Chondrocyte hypertrophy is accompanied by increased organelle synthesis and rapid intracellular water uptake, which serve as the major drivers of longitudinal bone growth. This process is delicately regulated by major signaling pathways and their target genes, including growth hormone (GH), insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), indian hedgehog (Ihh), parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), sex determining region Y-box 9 (Sox9), runt-related trans cription factors (Runx) and fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs). Hypertrophic chondrocytes orchestrate endochondral ossification by regulating osteogenic-angiogenic and osteogenic-osteoclastic coupling through the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and matrix metallopeptidases-9/13 (MMP-9/13). Hypertrophic chondrocytes also indirectly regulate resorption of the cartilaginous extracellular matrix, by controlling formation of a special subtype of osteoclasts termed "chondroclasts". Notably, hypertrophic chondrocytes may possess innate potential for plasticity, reentering the cell cycle and differentiating into osteoblasts and other types of mesenchymal cells in the marrow space. We may be able to harness this unique plasticity for therapeutic purposes, for a variety of skeletal abnormalities and injuries. In this review, we discuss the morphological and molecular properties of hypertrophic chondro cytes, which carry out important functions during skeletal growth and regeneration.

PMID:34137454 | DOI:10.14670/HH-18-355

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A Case Report and Review of Literature: Cribriform-Morular Variant of Papillary Carcinoma

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Abstract

We describe a case of cribriform morular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma which is a rare subtype. We report a case of a 26 year old female who presented with a thyroid tumour without colonic manifestations. She underwent a total thyroidectomy with central compartment neck dissection. Her histopathology report showed Cribriform—Morular variant, Papillary carcinoma of the left lobe of thyroid. Focal Angio-invasion was present. Even in sporadic presentations of these variants, screening colonoscopy, genetic counselling and screening of family members should be invariably considered as many a time thyroid malignancy presents many years prior to colonic manifestations.

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Five year basal cell carcinoma recurrence rates treated with curettage and cautery, a single centre retrospective cohort study

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J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg. 2021 Jun 2:S1748-6815(21)00257-6. doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2021.05.005. Online ahead of print.

NO ABSTRACT

PMID:34134938 | DOI:10.1016/j.bjps.2021.05.005

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