Periodontitis may induce gut microbiota dysbiosis via salivary microbiota

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Periodontitis may induce gut microbiota dysbiosis via salivary microbiota via International Journal of Oral Science - Issue View on Web

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Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation After Rectal Cancer Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial (FORCE Trial)

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation After Rectal Cancer Surgery: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial (FORCE Trial) via Annals of Surgery - Most Popular Articles Objective: To investigate the effects of PFR after LAR compared to usual care without PFR. Summary of background data: Functional complaints, including fecal incontinence, often occur after LAR for rectal cancer. Controversy exists about the effectiveness of PFR in improving such postoperative functional outcomes. Methods: This was a multicenter, randomized controlled trial involving 17 Dutch centers. Patients after LAR for rectal cancer were randomly assigned (1:1) to usual care or PFR and stratified by sex and administration of neoadjuvant therapy. Selection was not based on severity of complaints at baseline. Baseline measurements were taken 3 months after surgery without temporary stoma construction or 6 weeks after stoma closure. The primary outcome measure was the change in Wexner incontinence scores 3 months after randomization. Secondary outcomes were fecal incontinence-related quality of life, colorectal-specific quality of life, and the LARS scores. Results: Between October 2017 and March 2020, 128 patients were enrolled and 106 randomly assigned (PFR n = 51, control n = 55); 95 patients (PFR n = 44, control n = 51) were assessable for final analysis. PFR did not lead to larger changes in Wexner incontinence scores in nonselected patients after LAR compared to usual care [PFR: –2.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) –3.3 to –1.4, control: –1.3, 95% CI –2.2 to –0.4, P = 0.13]. However, PFR was associated with less urgency at follow-up (odds ratio 0.22, 95% CI 0.06–0.86). Patients without near-complete incontinence reported larger Wexner score improvements after PFR (PFR: –2.1, 95% CI –3.1 to –1.1, control: –0.7, 95% CI –1.6 to 0.2, P = 0.045). For patients with at least moderate incontinence PFR resulted in relevant improvements in all fecal incontinence-related quality of life domains, while the control group deteriorated. These improvements were even larger when patients with near-complete incontinence were excluded. No serious adverse PFR-related events occurred. Conclusion: No benefit was found of PFR in all patients but several subgroups were identified that did benefit from PFR, such as patients with urgency or with at least moderate incontinence and no near-complete incontinence. A selective referral policy (65%–85% of all patients) is suggested to improve postoperative functional outcomes for patients after LAR for rectal cancer. Trial Registration: Netherlands Trial Registration, NTR5469, registered on 3 September 2015. View on Web

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First episodes of norovirus and sapovirus gastroenteritis protect against subsequent episodes in a Nicaraguan birth cohort

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader First episodes of norovirus and sapovirus gastroenteritis protect against subsequent episodes in a Nicaraguan birth cohort via Epidemiology - Published Ahead-of-Print Background: Norovirus and sapovirus cause a large burden of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in young children. We assessed protection conferred by norovirus and sapovirus AGE episodes against future episodes. Methods: Between June 2017-July 2018 we recruited 444 newborns in León, Nicaragua. Weekly household surveys identified AGE episodes over 36 months, and AGE stools were tested by reverse transcriptase-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for norovirus GI/GII and sapovirus. We used recurrent-event Cox models and negative control methods to estimate protection conferred by first episodes, controlling for observed and unobserved risk factors, respectively. Results: Sapovirus episodes conferred a 69% reduced hazard of subsequent episodes using the negative control method. Norovirus GI (HR: 0.67, 95% CI: 0.31, 1.3) and GII (HR: 0.20, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.44) episodes also appeared highly protective. Protection against norovirus GII was enhanced following two episodes. Conclusions: Evidence of natural immunity in early childhood provides optimism for the future success of pediatric norovirus and sapovirus vaccines. Copyright © 2022 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. View on Web

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Prognostic Nutrıtıonal Index: Is It Assocıated wıth The Prognosıs of Crımean Congo Hemorrhagıc Fever?

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Prognostic Nutrıtıonal Index: Is It Assocıated wıth The Prognosıs of Crımean Congo Hemorrhagıc Fever? via Journal of Medical Virology Abstract Introduction The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is calculated using total serum lymphocyte counts and albumin levels. We aimed to analyze the role of PNI in predicting intensive care unit (ICU) referral and mortality in patients with Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF). Materials and Methods Our target population was adult (age>18) patients who presented between March 2015 and October 2021 within five days of symptom emergence and were diagnosed with CCHF. The predictive value of PNI was analyzed by the ROC analysis. The patients were categorized based on the severity grading scores (SGS) as mild, moderate, and severe. The relationship between PNI and ICU referral and mortality was analyzed by logistic regression analysis. Results Overall, 115 patients with the diagnosis of CCHF were included. 13,9% (n=16) of the patients were referred to ICU while 11,3% (n=13) died. A comparison of the patients with different SGS grades revealed that they were significantly different regarding PNI (p<0,001). There was a significant negative correlation between PNI and SGS (r=-0,662; p<0,001). PNI had a PV regarding ICU referral and mortality ((AUC=0,723 95% CI: 0,609-0,836, p=0,004, (AUC=0,738 95% CI: 0,613-0,863, p=0,005)). The PNI threshold was 36,1 for ICU referral and mortality. The rates of female patients, hospitalization periods longer than one week, platelet apheresis replacement, diabetes mellitus, bleeding history, ICU admission, and mortality were significantly higher in patients with a PNI of lower than 36,1 (p<0,05). Conclusion PNI can predict ICU referral and mortality in patients admitted due to CCHF. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. View on Web

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The relationship between posttherapeutic Cognitive Behavior Therapy skills usage and follow‐up outcomes of internet‐delivered Cognitive Behavior Therapy

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader The relationship between posttherapeutic Cognitive Behavior Therapy skills usage and follow‐up outcomes of internet‐delivered Cognitive Behavior Therapy via Journal of Clinical Psychology Abstract Background Clients independently applying Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) skills is an important outcome of CBT-based treatments. The relationship between posttherapeutic CBT skills usage and clinical outcomes remains under-researched—especially after internet-delivered CBT (iCBT). Objective Explore contemporaneous and lagged effects of posttherapeutic CBT skills usage frequency on iCBT follow-up outcomes. Method Nested within a randomized controlled trial, 241 participants received 8-week supported iCBT for anxiety and/or depression, completing measures of anxiety, depression, functional impairment, and CBT skills usage frequency at 3-, 6-, 9-, and 12-month follow-up. Cross-lagged panel models evaluated primary aims. Results While analyses support a contemporaneous relationship between anxiety, depression, functional impairment, and CBT skills usage frequency, no consistent lagged effects were observed. Conclusion Findings align with qualitative research but the role of CBT skills usage in the maintenance of iCBT effects remains unclear. Innovative research modeling temporal and possibly circular relationships between CBT skill usage and clinical outcomes is needed to inform iCBT optimization. View on Web

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Benzimidazole derivatives: A versatile scaffold for drug development against Helicobacter pylori‐related diseases

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader Benzimidazole derivatives: A versatile scaffold for drug development against Helicobacter pylori‐related diseases via Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology Abstract Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a microaerophilic gastric pathogen and a major contributor to chronic atrophic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric malignancies. The increasing prevalence of H. pylori infection and its related diseases, such as gastric cancer (GC), motivates medicinal chemists to seek for more effective multi-targeting drugs to prevent and treat H. pylori-related clinical complications. Benzimidazole, a hetero-aromatic bicyclic ring compound, has claimed a prominent role in medicinal chemistry owing to its broad range of biological activities, including, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, and anti-cancer activities. Studies highlight the promising therapeutic potential of benzimidazole derivatives in the treatment of H. pylori-related clinical complications such as gastric infection, gastritis, peptic ulcer, and GC. Accordingly, we here aimed to scrutinize the role of active molecules of benzimidazole derivatives as po tential anti-bacterial, anti-urease, anti-inflammatory, anti-ulcerative, and anti-cancer agents, which are expected to find their ways to the clinical setting sooner or later. Due to the role of structural moieties in determining the biological behaviors of benzimidazole derivatives, we explored the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of these compounds to further expand the scope of design of and research on new drugs against H. pylori-related diseases. View on Web

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A novel homozygous missense mutation in the FASTKD2 gene leads to Lennox-Gastaut syndrome

alexandrossfakianakis shared this article with you from Inoreader A novel homozygous missense mutation in the <i>FASTKD2</i> gene leads to Lennox-Gastaut syndrome via Journal of Human Genetics - Issue - nature.com science feeds Journal of Human Genetics, Published online: 21 June 2022; doi:10.1038/s10038-022-01056-7 A novel homozygous missense mutation in the FASTKD2 gene leads to Lennox-Gastaut syndrome View on Web

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