Interpreting febrile neutropenia rates from randomized controlled trials for consideration of primary prophylaxis in the real world: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Guidelines recommend primary prophylaxis (PP) with granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSF) for patients above a febrile neutropenia (FN) risk threshold of 20%. FN rates in randomized controlled trials (RCT) are greater than observational studies in many breast cancer chemotherapy regimens. A 13% (95% CI: 8.7%-17.9%) FN rate in RCT would translate into 20% FN rate in observational study.

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