Comparative efficacy of graded doses of diaminazine aceturate and fixed doses of iron dextran and vitamin B complex in mice infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei

Abstract

Trypanosomosis is a disease of both domestic animals and man. Trypanosomosis continues to be a menace in the livestock industry in Nigeria despite the agelong attempt to control the disease. The comparative effects of graded doses of diaminazine aceturate (DA) and fixed doses of iron dextran and vitamin B complex were experimentally investigated in the treatment of Trypanosoma brucei brucei-infected albino mice. A total of 40 albino mice were used and were randomly divided into eight groups of five mice each. All the mice in all the groups except group H were infected with T. brucei brucei, but group H served as the negative control. Groups A and B were treated with graded doses of DA at 3.5 and 7 mg/kg body weight (bw), respectively, groups C, D, E and F were treated as follows: 3.5 mg/kg bw DA and 1 ml/10 kg bw iron dextran, 7.0 mg/kg bw DA plus 1 ml/10 kg bw iron dextran, 3.5 mg/kg bw DA, 1 ml/10 kg bw iron dextran and 1 ml/10 kg bw vitamin B complex and 7.0 mg/kg bw DA, 1 ml/10 kg bw iron dextran and 1 ml/10 kg bw vitamin B complex, respectively. Group G served as the infected untreated control. Parameters used to assess the effect of the drugs include rectal temperature, body weight changes, packed cell volumes, haemoglobin concentration, daily parasitaemia, clinical signs and survivability. By day 5 PI, all the infected mice had become parasitaemic but following treatment on day 7 PI, the parasites cleared from the blood of the mice in group B and D within 42 hours, groups A, C, E and F before 96 h. There was a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the mean body weight, packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration and an increase in rectal temperature following infection but these were reversed by the various treatments. Iron dextran and vitamin B complex were combined with DA, there were improvement in their values, suggesting that combining trypanosomosis therapy with iron dextran and vitamin B complex will help in restoring the physiology of the animal.

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