The Toxicity of Aluminum Chloride on Kidney of Rats

Abstract

This study investigated the toxicity of aluminum chloride (AlCl₃) exposure in the rat kidney. Forty male Wistar rats (5 weeks old), weighing 110–120 g, were randomly divided into four groups: control group (CG, 0 g/L AlCl₃), low dose group (LG, 0.4 g/L AlCl₃), mid dose group (MG, 0.8 g/L AlCl₃), and high dose group (HG, 1.6 g/L AlCl₃). Rats were administered AlCl₃ in their drinking water for 120 days. A variety of measurements were taken including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-P_X) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in the kidney and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and cystatin C (Cys-C) concentrations in the serum. In addition, Al and β₂-microglobulin (β₂-MG) concentrations and the activity of N-acetyl-β-d-glucosaminidase (NAG) in the urine were determined. The results showed that in the AlCl₃-treated groups SOD and GSH-P_X activities were decreased, while NAG activity and Al, MDA, BUN, Cys-C, and β₂-MG concentrations were increased, compared with the CG. This study indicates that AlCl₃ exposure induces oxidative stress and suppresses kidney function.

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