Body Mass Index and Risk of Gastric Cancer: A 30-year Follow-up Study in the Linxian General Population Trial Cohort

Abstract

Although a number of previous studies have noted either positive or no association for body mass index (BMI) and gastric cancers risk, little evidence exists in the Chinese population. We prospectively examined the associations of BMI with risk of gastric cancers in the Linxian General Population Trial cohort, with 29,584 healthy adults enrolled in 1985 and followed through the end of 2014. Body weight and height were measured during physical examination at baseline and BMI was calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. BMI from 138 subjects was missing, and a total of 29,446 participants were included in the final analysis. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). During 30-year of follow-up, we confirmed newly-diagnosed 1,716 gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA) cases and 626 new gastric non-cardia adenocarcinoma (GNCA) cases.Overall, compared to the lowest quartile (BMI less than 20.32 kg/m²), subjects in the fourth quartile (BMI ≥ 23.31 kg/m²) subjects had lower risk of developing GNCA(HR=0.65;95%CI: 0.51-0.83). Age- and sex-specific analyses showed that this protective effect was only observed in men and older (52+ yrs) persons. No associations were observed for BMI with GCA incidence. Higher BMI was associated with decreased risk of GNCA in this population, particularly in men and older persons. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings.

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