The role of the miR-200 Family in Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is associated with significant morbidity and mortality as many patients are diagnosed with advanced stage disease. MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNA molecules which have a major role in gene expression regulation and are dysregulated in colorectal cancer. The miR-200 family is involved in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). This systematic review describes the roles of the miR-200 family in EMT in colorectal cancer. A search of electronic databases (PubMed and Embase) was conducted between January 2000 and July 2017. Both in vitro and human studies reporting on the miR-200 family and colorectal cancer were included. Studies describing molecular pathways and the role of the miR-200 family in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of colorectal cancer were analyzed. Thirty-four studies (22 in vitro and 18 human studies) were included. miR-200 family expression is regulated epigenetically and via transcriptional factor regulation. In vitro studies show that, transfection of miR-200 family members into chemo-resistant colon cancer cell lines results in improved chemo-sensitivity and epithelial phenotype restoration. There is intra-tumoral variability in the tissue expression of miR-200 family members with decreased expression at the invasive front. Clinical studies in colorectal cancer patients have shown decreased primary tumor tissue expression of miR-429, miR-200a and miR-200c may be associated with worse survival. Conversely, increased blood levels of miR-141, miR-200a and miR-200c may be associated with worse outcomes. The miR-200 family has a central role in EMT. The miR200 family has potential for both prognostic and therapeutic management of CRC. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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