Nimotuzumab: beyond the EGFR signaling cascade inhibition

Publication date: Available online 2 May 2018
Source:Seminars in Oncology
Author(s): Zaima Mazorra, Lisset Chao, Anabel Lavastida, Belinda Sanchez, Mayra Ramos, Normando Iznaga, Tania Crombet
One of the most known oncogenes is the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family. It activates multiple signaling cascades which promote carcinogenesis and immune evasion. Therefore, these molecules have been extensively targeted in cancer immunotherapy. Beyond EGFR signaling cascade inhibition, some of these agents are able to induce T cell activation transforming a passive therapy into a vaccine-like effect.Nimotuzumab is an IgG1 humanized MAb directed against the extracellular domain of the EGFR blocking the binding to its ligands. It possesses unique pharmacodynamics properties, which allow treating patients for long–term period and with very low toxicity. Based on its clinical effect, nimotuzumab has been approved in Cuba and abroad for the treatment of different epithelial tumors. Recently, new potential mechanisms of action of nimotuzumab involving the activation of the innate and adaptive immune response have been reported.This review summarizes the main properties of nimotuzumab in comparison with others EGFR specific monoclonal antibodies highlighting its capacity to activate an effective immune response. In addition, differential clinical effect of this antibody and ongoing clinical trials to deeply characterize the biomarkers of clinical benefit are shown.



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