Thu Apr 11, 2019 03:00
Publication date: May 2019Source: Autoimmunity Reviews, Volume 18, Issue 5Author(s):
Thu Apr 11, 2019 14:13
Thu Apr 11, 2019 11:17
AbstractBackgroundIn previous studies, deficits in regulatory T‐cell (Treg) number and function at birth have been linked with subsequent allergic disease. However longitudinal studies, that account for relevant perinatal factors, are required. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between perinatal factors, naïve Treg (nTreg) over the first postnatal year, and development of food allergy.MethodsIn a birth cohort (n=1074), the proportion of nTreg in the CD4+ T‐cell compartment...
Thu Apr 11, 2019 11:17
AbstractThe vitamin D world is deeply split about the clinical usefulness of serum vitamin D (25‐OH‐D3) measurements. Basic discoveries of vitamin D research provided stunning results while clinical and epidemiological research resulted in a barrel of misunderstandings and contradictions. Vitamin D is easy to measure but the results are difficult to interpret.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Thu Apr 11, 2019 11:17
AbstractDiagnosis of Hymenoptera venom allergy (HVA) is straightforward in the majority of patients, but can be challenging in double positive and test negative patients. Test results sometimes can be confusing as patients with high skin test reactivity and high specific IgE (sIgE) levels are not at risk for severe systemic sting reactions (SSR), and conversely, patients with weakly positive or even negative tests can experience severe SSR. Venom immunotherapy (VIT) is safe, highly effective...
Thu Apr 11, 2019 11:17
AbstractEosinophils represent one of the most studied cells in the development and pathophysiology of various immune mediated disorders and conditions. Moreover, they serve as important biomarkers (diagnostic, therapy‐driving, prognostic) in daily allergy praxis and can be affected by several therapeutic interventions.1 Eosinophils differentiate from a pluripotent progenitor under the influence of several cytokines and growth factors. Amongst these, interleukin‐5 (IL‐5) seems to be critical...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 18:09
A deletion variant of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRvIII) is a known driver mutation in a subset of primary and secondary glioblastoma multiforme. Adoptive transfer of genetically modified chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) lymphocytes has demonstrated efficacy in hematologic malignancies but is still early in development for solid cancers. The surface expression of the truncated extracellular ligand domain created by EGFRvIII makes it an attractive target for a CAR-based cancer treatment. Patients...
Thu Apr 11, 2019 10:09
The third-party umbilical cord blood (UCB)-derived regulatory T cells (Treg) are an alternative to donor-derived Treg as cellular therapy of graft-versus-host disease following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, their suppressive characteristics against autologous and allogeneic T effector cells (Teff) have rarely been documented. The exact role of UCB-Treg in hematologic malignancies is also uncertain. Here, we investigated the direct effects of UCB-Treg on the proliferation of autologous...
Thu Apr 11, 2019 10:09
Adoptive transfer of T lymphocytes (ACT) engineered with T-cell receptors (TCRs) of known antitumor specificity is an effective therapeutic strategy. However, a major constraint of ACT is the unpredictable interference of the endogenous TCR α and β chains in pairing of the transduced TCR. This effect reduces the efficacy of the genetically modified primary T cells and carries the risk of generating novel TCR reactivities with unintended functional consequences. Here, we show a powerful approach to...
Thu Apr 11, 2019 10:09
Despite encouraging clinical results with immune checkpoint inhibitors and other types of immunotherapies, the rate of failure is still very high. The development of proper animal models which could be applied to the screening of effective preclinical antitumor drugs targeting human tumor antigens, such as mesothelin (MSLN), is a great need. MSLN is a 40 kDa cell-surface glycoprotein which is highly expressed in a variety of human cancers, and has great value as a target for antibody-based therapies....
Thu Apr 11, 2019 10:09
Talimogene laherparepvec (T-VEC) is approved for unresected stage III–IV malignant melanoma. T-VEC has a direct cytotoxic effect and enhances the antitumor immunity of host cells. Immune checkpoints inhibitors also enhance the immunity of host cells by increasing the recruitment of antigen-presenting cells or activation and restoration of T-cell functions. Both type of therapies can potentiate the effect of the other therapy. We are reporting a case of T-VEC rechallenge who initially progressed on...
Thu Apr 11, 2019 10:09
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