Ultrasound guided continuous transmuscular quadratus lumborum analgesia for open renal surgery: A case series

Enhanced recovery following open renal surgery benefits from optimal dynamic analgesia allowing early mobilisation and patient comfort. Although, thoracic epidural analgesia (TEA) is considered as the gold standard, recent trends have revealed a move towards multimodal analgesia involving less invasive techniques that have a superior risk profile [1]. Wound infusion analgesia (WIA) has been described following open nephrectomy through a flank incision [2]. However, they fail to provide adequate pre-emptive and intraoperative analgesia.

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