Mid- to long-term clinical outcome of giant cell tumor of bone treated with calcium phosphate cement following thorough curettage and phenolization

Background and Objectives

Giant cell tumors of bone (GCTB) are intermediate and locally aggressive bone tumor. Calcium phosphate cement (CPC) is a bone void filler used in orthopaedic surgery. This study investigated the clinical outcome of GCTB treated with thorough curettage, phenolization, and CPC.

Methods

We investigated 26 patients with at least 36 months of follow-up. The mean age and follow-up were 37 years (range: 19-63) and 87 months (range: 38-169), respectively. Radiological outcomes including consolidation of CPC to the surrounding bone, cortical bone defect remodeling, and clinical outcomes were investigated.

Results

The consolidation of CPC to the surrounding bone was excellent in 22 cases (84.6%), good in three (11.5%), and acceptable in one (3.8%). Local recurrence occurred in three cases (11.5%). Pulmonary metastasis occurred in one case (3.8%). Cortical bone defect remodeling appeared in 22 cases (84.6%). The mean Musculoskeletal Tumour Society score was 28.7 (95.7%). Osteoarthritis, chronic synovitis, and fracture were observed in one case each (3.8%), which were managed conservatively.

Conclusions

Phenolization did not prevent the consolidation of CPC to the bone. CPC provided biological interface and long lasting stability without internal fixation, with comparable complication rates to other published series.

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