Abstract The extracellular matrix (ECM) constitutes the scaffold of tissues and organs. It is a complex network of extracellular proteins, proteoglycans and glycoproteins, which form supramolecular aggregates, such as fibrils and sheet-like networks. In addition to its biochemical composition, including the covalent intermolecular cross-linkages, the ECM is also characterized by its biophysical parameters, such as topography, molecular density, stiffness/rigidity and tension. Taking...
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Abstract Nephroblastoma overexpressed protein, also called NOV/CCN3, is an adipokine which is present in various tissues and recently linked to obesity. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of resveratrol and pterostilbene on NOV/CCN3 in adipose tissue from rats fed an obesogenic diet. Thirty-six male Wistar rats were split into four groups (n = 9): fed a standard diet (CC), high-fat high-sucrose (HFS) diet supplemented with resveratrol (RSV; 30 mg/kg/day) or...
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Abstract The white worm Enchytraeus albidus Henle, 1837 (Clitellata, Enchytraeidae) is easy to keep in laboratory cultures, and has therefore been employed as a model organism in basic and applied biological research. Its natural habitat includes terrestrial composts and wrack beds on seashores. However, the name E. albidus is currently used for a complex of morphologically similar and closely related species. We here revise the components of the E. albidus species complex based...
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Abstract Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) require long-term antithrombotic intervention to reduce the risk of further ischemic events; dual antiplatelet therapy with a P2Y12 inhibitor and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) is the current standard of care. However, pivotal clinical trials report that patients receiving this treatment have a residual risk of approximately 10% for further ischemic events. The development of non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) has...
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Abstract Objective Central nervous system post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder (CNS-PTLD) is a rare disease that presents with non-specific signs and symptoms. The purpose of this article is to present the imaging appearances of CNS-PTLD by magnetic resonance imaging. We highlight the differential diagnostic considerations including primary central nervous system lymphoma, glioblastoma, cerebral abscess, and metastatic disease....
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Abstract Traditional classification methods, which use low-level features, have failed to gain satisfactory classification results of very high spatial resolution (VHR) remote sensing images. Even though per-pixel classification method based on convolutional neural network (CNN) (Per-pixel CNN) achieved higher accuracy with the help of high-level features, this method still has limitations. Per-superpixel classification method based on CNN (Per-superpixel CNN) overcomes the limitations...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Riverine forests support high rates of plant productivity, yet total wood carbon (C) stocks in these systems remain understudied. We measured C concentrations and dry mass of live and dead detrital wood to understand their importance relative to total ecosystem C storage across an elevation gradient on the floodplain of the Congaree River. Our study sites included a low elevation bald cypress swamp and three higher elevation mature mixed bottomland hardwood communities....
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Coastal wetlands are shrinking rapidly due to land-use activities. Accelerated sea-level rise (SLR) associated to the warming climate is also affecting coastal wetlands, particularly in islands with limited coastal plains. We analyzed coastal wetland changes in Puerto Rico by applying the Sea Level Affecting Marshes Model under two scenarios by 2100. We also analyzed mortality and recruitment in a freshwater swamp dominated by the tree Pterocarpus officinalis Jacq. in...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Small ponds account for a disproportionately high percentage of carbon dioxide emissions relative to their small surface area. It is therefore crucial to understand carbon flow in these ponds to refine the current global carbon budget, especially because climate change is affecting pond hydrology. High elevation ponds in the Elk Mountains of western Colorado are drying more frequently as the timing of snowmelt advances. We compared CO2 concentrations and fluxes among ponds...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract In Oman, a noteworthy move has been made towards student-centered instructional design especially in higher education facilitated by emerging technology. The current study aims to examine the effect of implementing the Flipped Classroom Model (FCM) on the motivation level of Omani EFL (English as a Foreign Language) learners to speak English. A mixed methods approach was used in this quasi experimental study. In the quantitative dimension, a Motivation in English Speaking...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract CO2, SO2, and NO are the main components of flue gas and can cause serious environmental issues. Utilization of these compounds in oleaginous microalgae cultivation not only could reduce air pollution but could also produce feedstock for biodiesel production. However, the continuous input of SO2 and NO inhibits microalgal growth. In this study, the toxicity of simulated flue gas (15% CO2, 0.03% SO2, and 0.03% NO, balanced with N2) was reduced through automatic pH feedback...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Wetlands act as kidneys of land and facilitate remediation of metals and other harmful pollutants through uptake by aquatic macrophytes. The aim of the present study was to investigate metal concentrations in sediments and plants, sources of metal origin, and contamination level in Uchalli Wetland Complex. Sediment samples were collected from 15 randomly selected sites. Metal concentrations (Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cr, As, Mn) in sediments and macrophytes were determined during...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Recent studies have shown Cu(0) as a promising material for the removal of organic and inorganic pollutants. However, there is no review addressing the studies performed. This fact may be related to the toxicity of the particles and the copper released in solution that has not motivated researchers, which entails in a reduced number of publications. However, studies point out how to solve the problem of Cu deposition in support materials. In this work, a detailed review...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Altered glycosylation is a common feature of cancer cells and plays an important role in tumor progression. β-Galactoside α2-6-sialyltransferase 1 (ST6Gal-I) is the critical sialyltransferase responsible for the addition of α2-6-sialic acid to the terminal N-glycans on the cell surface. However, the functions and mechanism of ST6Gal-I in tumor immune escape remain poorly understood. Here, we found that ST6Gal-I overexpression promoted hepatocarcinoma cell proliferation,...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Spermatogenesis is a complex developmental process that originates from spermatogonia stem cell. This process consists of sequential, highly organized steps of cell proliferation and differentiation resulting in the generation of functional spermatozoa. Many growth factors, hormones, and cell interactions of germ cells with Sertoli cells regulate these processes, and the failure of any of the processes can lead to male infertility The aim of the present study was to determine...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Irinotecan-induced mucositis is a major oncological problem. Goblet cells secrete mucus, protecting the intestinal mucosa, with secretion altered during mucositis. The enteric nervous system is involved in regulating gut motility and secretion. The aim of this study was to determine whether enteric neural cells and goblet cells are altered following irinotecan treatment. Tumour-bearing Dark Agouti rats were administered a single dose of 175 mg/kg of irinotecan intraperitoneally...
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Abstract Purpose The impact of pharmacogenetics on predicting survival in gastroenteric cancer remains unclear. Methods We tested 322 consecutive patients treated with capecitabine-based chemotherapy for CDA and MTHFR polymorphisms. Results Patients who...
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Abstract Purpose Inadequate suppression of testosterone during androgen-deprivation therapy impairs its efficacy. This study investigated the significance of genetic polymorphism in CYP19A1, which encodes aromatase that catalyzes androgens into estrogens, among men treated with primary ADT for metastatic prostate cancer. Methods This study included...
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Abstract Purpose Galunisertib, the first small molecule transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) receptor inhibitor, plus gemcitabine resulted in the improvement of survival in patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer, but markers to identify patients likely to respond are lacking. Methods In the Phase 1b/2 JBAJ study, 156 patients were randomized...
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Abstract Purpose The efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy remains an open question for chemo-resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study aimed to explore the role and mechanism of long noncoding RNA plasmacytoma variant translocation 1 (PVT1) in cisplatin sensitivity of NSCLC. Methods Paired tumor and adjacent tissues were...
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Abstract Purpose Chinese patients have been enrolled in multiple Phase III trials of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor olaparib (Lynparza); however, the pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of olaparib has not been investigated in this population. This two-part, open-label Phase I study was, therefore, carried out to determine the PK and safety profile of olaparib (tablet formulation) in Chinese patients with advanced solid...
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Abstract It is desirable to develop a fast method for quantification of melphalan due to its instability. Here we report a method for quantification of melphalan (MPL) in human plasma using a UPLC–PDA system. Briefly, 50 µL plasma sample was mixed with 25 µL internal standard (2500 ng/mL acetylmelphalan in methanol) and 25 µL 20% trichloroacetic acid, and centrifuged at 21,000 g (15,000 rpm) at 4 °C for 3 min. The supernatant (5 µL) was injected onto an Acquity™ BEH C18 LC column...
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Abstract To reduce the environmental pollution caused by ammonium paratungstate (APT) production in the Ganzhou area in China, simulated experiments in laboratory and field experiments in cement kilns were performed. The migration characteristics of As in secondary residues (thermometallurgy and hydrometallurgy residues) from APT production in cement kilns were similar, and As in the residues existed in the form of sulfides. When the residues were fed at the kiln inlet, the As...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract There is a rising concern about the pollution of microplastics (plastic particles < 5 mm) in water due to their physicochemical properties, especially their interaction with organic contaminants; however, such knowledge is still limited. The mass production and consumption of medication for the treatment of infectious diseases in human and animals have led to the ubiquity of antibiotics in the environment. We studied the single and joint effects of microplastics (1-μm...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is most the common tibiotarsal bone disease in rapidly growing birds throughout the world. There is accumulating evidence that COX-2 abnormal expression in tibia plays an important role in TD progression. So, the regulation of COX-2 is an ever more appealing target for therapeutic intervention in TD. Astragaloside IV has an indispensable role in maintaining COX-2 expression in many diseases. So, we designed this study to use Astragaloside IV...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract This study aimed to explore the nitrogen and phosphorus removal performance of the horizontal submerged constructed wetland (HSCW) with Ti-bearing blast furnace slag (T). Another two HSCWs, with the converter steelmaking slag (G) and the stone (S) as wetland substrates, respectively, were simultaneously running as control. The results showed that the nitrogen and phosphorus removal capacities of the T-HSCW were generally better than those of another two HSCWs. When the...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Purpose To determine the clinical significance of incidentally discovered renal cysts in pediatric patients and identify imaging predictors of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Methods A retrospective search of radiology reports from 2000 to 2016 was performed to identify patients < 18 years old with an imaging exam identifying...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract The use of cereal microgreens is increasing because of increased consumer's interest in healthier products. Chlorophyll (Chl) and Carotenoids (Car) are suggested to correlate with health promoting components like phenolics and antioxidant potential of the plant-part. They also play role against clinical conditions like thalassemia and hemolytic anemia and reduce the risk of some chronic diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, skin diseases and age-related eye...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Germinated brown rice (GBR) contains rich bio-active components, but has poor edible quality. To improve the cooking quality of GBR, fissure generation in kernels caused by microwave drying were investigated considering cooking properties, microstructure and textural attributes. The microwave intensity had significant effects on the fissure percentage of GBR, and microwave intensity of 3–4 W/g may be suitable for the microwave drying of GBR based on the distribution of...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Cholestasis underlies one of the major manifestations of drug-induced liver injury. Drug-induced cholestatic liver toxicity is a complex process, as it can be triggered by a variety of factors that induce 2 types of biological responses, namely a deteriorative response, caused by bile acid accumulation, and an adaptive response, aimed at removing the accumulated bile acids. Several key events in both types of responses have been characterized in the past few years. In...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Parents whose children are affected by systemic diseases, anomalies, deformities, or further orthopedic defective positions use the Internet to increase their knowledge. However, there have been few studies that focus, as this one does, on Internet enquiries done before the parents contact the pediatric orthopedic surgeon. This study analyzed data gathered through a standardized questionnaire on general habits of Internet use, parents' hardware, age, and educational background...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract With increasing morbidity and mortality, acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has become one of the major causes of human death, leading to heavy burdens to individuals, families and society. Previous researches have found that though large amount of resources and great effort were devoted, no significant improvements were achieved in reducing the in-hospital mortality of AMI patients. Meanwhile, extensive studies about Chinese medicine (CM) have found that CM has special...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Background We describe the clinical history, outcome, and toxicity of five patients with high-grade retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcoma (RSTS) who were treated with neoadjuvant low-dose radiotherapy (RT) followed by resection with or without intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT), followed by adjuvant RT. We aim to provide additional evidence for the various treatment options that exist for this rare tumor entity. ...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Soil-exchangeable aluminum (Al) has toxic effects on living organisms in acidic soils. Earthworm presence and activity can alter soil pH, which has a significant influence on Al toxicity. However, the effects of earthworms on soil Al toxicity and fractions are still largely unknown. This laboratory study focused on the effects of three earthworm species (endogeics Pontoscolex corethrurus and Amynthas robustus, anecis Amynthas aspergillum) on soil acidification, Al fraction...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Cadmium (Cd) is absorbed readily by rice plants and is transferred to humans when contaminated rice is consumed. Adding selenium (Se) to the plant nutrient solutions reduces the accumulation of Cd in the rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings. However, as the relevant underlying mechanism remains unclear, the aim of our study was to improve our understanding of the Se-mediated resistance to Cd stress in rice. We conducted hydroponic experiments to study the effects of selenite...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract At a building or dwelling scale, accurate evaluation of the water savings potential from rainwater harvesting (RWH) can be achieved by simulating the performance of the RWH system using a balance equations model. At an urban scale, water savings potential is usually estimated from the balance between the annual rainfall and annual water consumption. This approach has limited accuracy since it assumes an infinite storage capacity and it disregards the variability of the...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Among the actions proposed by the European Union for the implementation of Circular Economy is the use of waste as a secondary raw material (SRM). During the fusion of the scrap, a steel dust is generated, named electric arc furnace dust (EAFD). The EAFD is composed mainly of potentially leachable heavy metals and is classified as a "hazardous" waste. Worldwide, approximately 70% of EAFD is deposited in landfills, with a previous treatment through cement-based materials...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Consumption of plastic has a rapid increase of about 8% per annum and reached to 400 million per tonnes approximately, where about 50% of plastic was disposed after using only once. Different techniques for treating this increased waste faced a number of issues related to cost and environmental and sustainable development. Catalytic conversion has been found as one of the most viable solutions to solve this problem. Sulphated zirconia (SZ) catalyst modified with calcium...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract This paper analyses the link between foreign direct investment (FDI) and economic growth and their subsequent impact on environmental pollution in China. The simultaneous equation method was used with data from 31 provinces in China covering the period between 1995 and 2016. The findings indicate that the effect of FDI on economic growth, industrial structure, and environmental pollution control positively impacts on China's industrial pollution control and environmental...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract The aim of this study was to develop gluten-free bread formulated with red rice flour and microbial transglutaminase and prebiotic (inulin). First, the physicochemical analysis of minerals present in red rice flour was performed. Response surface methodology was used to analyze the effects of microbial transglutaminase (MTgase) [0.5; 1.0 and 1.5%] in combination with fermentation time (FT) [60; 80 and 100 min] on the quality parameters of gluten-free bread. Acceptance...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Flours from various wheat varieties varied in gluten strength were blended in varying proportions and evaluated for pasting and dough rheological properties. The different blends of strong: very weak/weak/medium flour (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100) (w/w) were prepared. Two strong and three weak wheat varieties were selected for this study on the basis of Farinograph dough stability (DS). Strong wheat (HUW468 and HP1761), medium weak (HUW234), weak (HD2894) and...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Nowadays, the interest in manufacturing non-alcoholic or low alcoholic content beverages from alcoholic beverages is a current challenge for food technologists; this is due to the fact that huge consumption of alcoholic beverages may produce health problems in the costumers. In principle, the post-fermentation ethanol removal from alcoholic beverages is carried out by means of evaporation or distillation. Such current dealcoholization methodologies are efficiently removing...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract In the present study, various phytoconstituents of methanolic extract of Foeniculum vulgare were identified using gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (GC–MS) method. GC–MS method was also applied for the analysis of biomarker fenchone in extract and eight different commercial formulations. The mass of prepared extract and formulations A–D and H (commercial herbal mixtures and commercial extract) used for the analysis of fenchone was 10 g. However, the mass of formulations...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract This study was designed to investigate the influence of dry air roasting (140, 160 and 180 °C for 5 and 10 min) and extraction methods (solvent and mechanical) on peanut oil quality characteristics. Oil yield, oxidative stability index (OSI), radical scavenging activity (RSA), and Maillard reaction products were increased while peroxide value (PV) and conjugated dienes were decreased in oil of peanuts roasted at 180 °C for 10 min. Oils extracted mechanically from roasted...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract The present study aimed to differentiate Mimosa scabrella Bentham (bracatinga) honeydew honeys from blossom honeys, with and without addition of heat treatment, and bracatinga honeydew honeys adulterated with blossom honeys (5, 15 and 25% of blossom honeys), using chromatic characterization associated with chemometric analysis. Bracatinga honeydew honeys presented unusual chromatic characteristics which allowed differentiation of blossom honeys by principal components...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract The presence of biogenic amines, such as histamine and tyramine, in pickled food can cause health problems, such as allergies. However, other bioactive amines may be present and can induce some diseases. Some biogenic amines can react with nitrate and form nitrosamines, compounds harmful to human health. In this research, we qualitatively and quantitatively evaluated some biogenic amines and nitrate content in jurubeba preserved in oil or vinegar. The fruits were obtained...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Purpose To compare the diagnostic accuracy of sonographic features with ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in the detection of malignant thyroid nodules. Methods This analytical cross-sectional study was conducted on patients with the diagnosis of thyroid nodule, who underwent ultrasound-guided FNA in Shahid Beheshti teaching...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Existing dissolution chambers have relatively large volume compared to the size of the periodontal pocket. A small volume dissolution method that simulates the physiological release environment for periodontal drug delivery is needed. The objectives were to construct a small, more physiologically relevant, dissolution chamber and investigate the properties of the new dissolution chamber for the assessment of sustained drug release systems in periodontal delivery. Flow-through...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Osteoma of EAC is a rare tumour. Cholesteatoma of EAC associated with osteoma is consequence of osteoma of EAC. Its incidence is rare and very few cases have been reported in the literature. Its association with exuberant granulation tissue in the mastoid air cell system without extension of Cholesteatoma into middle ear cleft is even rare. This association has been reported for the first time as evident from review of literature.
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract The effect of harvest periods on total phenol, antioxidant activity, individual phenolic compounds of fruit and leaves of Tavşan Yüreği, Memecik, Edremit, Ayvalık and Gemlik olive varieties grown in Turkey were investigated. The highest total phenol (317.70 mg/100 g and 2657.81 mg/100 g) were observed in Tavşan Yüreği olive fruit and Ayvalık leaves harvested in December, respectively. The highest antioxidant activities (83.84%) were determined in Edremit fruit harvested...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract The present study reports the use of Citrus limetta (CL) residue for cultivating Chlorella sp. mixotrophically to augment production of biodiesel. The cultivation of Chlorella sp. using CL as media was carried out by employing a fed-batch technique in open tray (open tray+CL) and in software (BioXpert V2)–attached automated photobioreactor (PBR+CL) systems. Data showed the limit of nitrogen substituent and satisfactory organic source of carbon (OSC) in CL, causing > 2-fold...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Purpose Squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva (SQCV) is the fifth most common cancer in women and accounts for about 5% of all genital cancers in women. The PD-L1 signaling pathway is activated in many malignant neoplasms and its blockade enhances anti-cancer immunity. The aim of our study was to examine the protein expression of PD-L1 and PD-1 in squamous cell cancer of the vulva, its correlations with clinicopathologic features...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Purpose Current research approaches in lymphoma focus on reduction of therapy-associated long-term side effects. Especially in mediastinal lymphoma, proton beam radiotherapy (PT) may be a promising approach for reducing the dose to organs at risk (OAR). Patients In total, 20 patients were irradiated with active scanning PT at Heidelberg Ion Beam...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract Buckwheat hulls, generally discarded as waste, have been known to possess various flavonoids and high antioxidant activities. The objective of this study was to determine effect of extracting solvents [water, ethanol (20%, 50%, 80%, and 100%), methanol, and acetone] on total phenolic content, flavonoid content and composition, and antioxidant activities of common and tartary buckwheat hull extracts. Antioxidative effect of common and tartary buckwheat hull extracts on...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
Abstract This paper focuses on evidence for the pruning and dwarfing of plants represented in Roman garden paintings. In two particularly fine examples of this type, from the Villa of Livia at Prima Porta near Rome, and the House of the Golden Bracelet at Pompeii, the artists have carefully portrayed pruning marks and other horticultural practices that alter the size and natural habit of plants. This evidence complements archaeobotanical findings by showing the above-ground appearance...
Wed Apr 10, 2019 03:00
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