Factors Associated with Physical Activity Among Adolescent and Young Adult Survivors of Early Childhood Cancer: A report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS)

Abstract

Objective

To evaluate concurrent and longitudinal associations between psychosocial functioning and physical activity in adolescent and young adult survivors of early childhood cancer.

Methods

Adolescent survivors of early childhood cancer (diagnosed before age four) participating in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study completed the Coping Health and Illness Profile–Adolescent Edition (CHIP-AE; n=303; mean age at survey 17.6 years). A subset of these survivors (n=248) completed a follow-up survey an average of 6.0 years later (range: 4-10). Logistic regression identified associations between psychosocial functioning in adolescence and physical activity levels in adolescence and young adulthood.

Results

Survivors reported low physical activity as adolescents (46.1% scored below CHIP-AE cut-point) and young adults (40.8% below CDC guidelines). Poor physical activity during adolescence was associated with female sex (OR=2.06, 95%CI=1.18-3.68), parents with less than a college education (OR=1.91, 95%CI 1.11-3.32), previous treatment with cranial radiation (OR=3.35, 95%CI=1.69-6.88), TV time (OR=1.77, 95%CI=1.00-3.14), and limitations of activity due to health or mobility restrictions (OR=8.28, 95%CI=2.87-30.34). Poor diet (OR=1.84, 95%CI=1.05-3.26) and low self-esteem (OR=1.80, 95%CI=0.99-3.31) during adolescence were associated with lower odds of meeting CDC physical activity guidelines in young adulthood.

Conclusion

These findings provide targets for future interventional studies to improve physical activity in this high-risk population.

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