Cancer-induced systemic myeloid dysfunction: implications for treatment and a novel nanoparticle approach for its correction

Publication date: Available online 30 May 2018

Source: Seminars in Oncology

Author(s): Rydell Alvarez, Liliana Oliver, Anet Valdes, Circe Mesa

Abstract

Unlike other regulatory circuits, cancer-induced myeloid dysfunction involves more than an accumulation of impaired dendritic cells (DCs), protumoral macrophages and myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). It is also characterized by "aberrant" myelopoiesis that results in the accumulation and expansion of immature myeloid precursors with a suppressive phenotype in the systemic circulation. The first part of this review briefly describes the evidence for and consequences of this systemic dysfunctional myelopoiesis and the possible reinforcement of this phenomenon by conventional treatments used in patients with cancer, in particular chemotherapy and G-CSF. The second half of this review describes very small size particles (VSSP), a novel immune-modulatory nanoparticle, and the evidence indicating a possible role of this agent in correcting or re-programming the dysfunctional myelopoiesis in different scenarios.

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